1. Instructor Seminar October 11th 2011
Threat and Error Management
In General Aviation training

2. In July 2010 Threat and Error Management (TEM) became part of the CAA pilot training syllabus
What is TEM?

3. something over which the pilot has little or no control Threats come “at” the pilot
are a result of mismanagement of threats
Errors come “from” the pilot
Errors
TEM is the management of threats to ensure that the effect of the threat becomes inconsequential to the operation

4. Threat and Error Management
TEM is not a new concept
Threat and Error Management
AIRCRAFT MANAGEMENT
Smooth throttle movements
Mixture fully rich
Carb heat as required
Temperatures and pressures in the green
HUMAN FACTORS
A.D.V.I.S.E.
IM SAFE
AIRMANSHIP
Situational Awareness
Lookout
VFR - clear of cloud
I/You have control

5. What threats are specific to GA Flight Instruction?
Maintaining currency on many aircraft types
GA training aircraft generally have lower performance
Low instructor experience levels ...
Lack of appropriate operational guidelines
Communication errors
Two pilot environment with a difference
Undesired aircraft states

6. Managing threats in the training environment
Anticipation
Identification
Management

7. Safeguards Hard safeguards – stall warning, ergonomics (design)
Soft safeguards – Regulations, Checklists, Company SOPS
Crew – Last line of defence

8. Consider your threats as you fly
CH Runway 02 - Two Chain Departure
LL 2500’
LL 1500’

9. Consider your threats as you fly
CH Runway 02 - Pine Arrival
LL 2500’
LL 1500’

10. Questions?