1. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved.McGraw-Hill Chapter 29: Civil Rights and the Crisis of Liberalism Preview: “Largely walled out from the prosperity of the 1950s, African Americans and Latinos campaigned to gain the freedoms denied them through widespread racism and, in the South, a system of segregation. As the civil rights movement blossomed, young and relatively affluent baby boomers spread the revolution to other areas of American life.” The Highlights: The Civil Rights Movement The Civil Rights Movement A Movement Becomes a Crusade A Movement Becomes a Crusade Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society The Counterculture The Counterculture

2. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. McGraw-Hill The Civil Rights Movement The Changing South and African Americans The Changing South and African Americans –Mechanized cotton farming –Lumber industry provided most jobs for African Americans outside of cotton farming 29-2

3. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. McGraw-Hill The NAACP and Civil Rights The NAACP and Civil Rights –Thurgood Marshall –NAACP chose not to attack head-on the Supreme Court decision of Plessy v. Ferguson The Brown Decision The Brown Decision –Overturning Plessy –“Southern Manifesto” issued by 19 U.S. senators and 81 representatives to reestablish legalized segregation Latino Civil Rights Latino Civil Rights –Delgado and segregated schools –Hernandez and desegregation 29-3

4. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. McGraw-Hill A New Civil Rights Strategy A New Civil Rights Strategy –Rosa Parks –Martin Luther King, Jr. Little Rock and the White Backlash Little Rock and the White Backlash –Mob greets nine black students –National Guard preserved order for a year “Neither the Brown nor the Hernández decisions ended segregation, but they combined with political and economic forces to usher in a new era of southern race relations”(983). 29-4

5. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Riding to Freedom Riding to Freedom –Newer civil rights organizations –Kennedy hedged on his promise to introduce major civil rights legislation Civil Rights at High Tide Civil Rights at High Tide –James Meredith –“Letter from Birmingham Jail” –The march on Washington A Movement Becomes a Crusade 29-5

6. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. McGraw-Hill 29-6

7. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. McGraw-Hill The Fire Next Time The Fire Next Time –Tragedy in Dallas: JFK assassinated, November 22, 1963 –LBJ and the Civil Rights Act of 1964 –Voting Rights Act of 1965 Black Power Black Power –Malcolm X –Black Panthers 29-7

8. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Violence in the Streets Violence in the Streets –Riots in Harlem, Rochester, Watts area of L.A., Chicago, Newark and Detroit –White backlash and anger exposed serious flaws n the theory and practice of liberal reform “The growing white backlash and the anger exploding in the nation’s cities exposed serious flaws in the theory and practice of liberal reform”(991). 29-8

9. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. McGraw-Hill Lyndon Johnson and the Great Society The Origins of the Great Society The Origins of the Great Society –Discovering poverty –The liberal tradition The Election of 1964 The Election of 1964 –“Great Society” in which poverty and racial injustice no longer exist –Johnson won by a landslide 29-9

10. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. McGraw-Hill The Great Society The Great Society –Programs in education –Medicare and Medicaid –HUD –Immigration reform –The environment Evaluating the Great Society Evaluating the Great Society –Conservatives and radicals objected that the liberal welfare state was too intrusive –The tradition of liberalism prevailed 29-10

11. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. McGraw-Hill The Reforms of the Warren Court The Reforms of the Warren Court –Protecting due process –Banning school prayer –One person, one vote “Although Lyndon Johnson and the Congress left the stamp of liberalism on federal power during the decade, the third branch of government played a role that, in the long run, proved equally significant”(996). 29-11

12. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. McGraw-Hill 29-12

13. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. McGraw-Hill The Counterculture Activists on the New Left Activists on the New Left –SDS and Port Huron –The Free Speech Movement –Freedom Summer of 1964 The Rise of the Counterculture The Rise of the Counterculture –Politics rejected for a lifestyle of experimentation with music, sex and drugs –The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test 29-13

14. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. ©2005 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All Rights reserved. McGraw-Hill The Rock Revolution The Rock Revolution –The Beatles –Dylan –Soul Music The West Coast Scene The West Coast Scene –The counterculture signaled the increasing importance of the West Coast in American popular culture –The hippies –The Woodstock Music Festival (1969) 29-14