1. The Roaring Twenties
Unit 8

2. Presidents

3. Boom to Bust 1920’s – 1930’s Key Facts About The Great Depression
a  The Great Depression started in a The Stock Market Crash was one of the main reasons for the Great Depression. Billions of dollars of stocks were lost. a  The Stock Market crashed on October 29, This day is known as "Black Tuesday." a   As a result of the crash unemployment went up, people lost their homes, people were very poor and could not afford the necessities of life. a  Fifty percent of the children in the United States did not have "adequate food, shelter, clothing, or medical care." Some went completely without these necessities. Children started fainting because they did not have enough to eat. a  Many people had to go to soup kitchens to get food. The lines were very long. People would spend all day waiting in line just to get a small meal. Soup kitchens were run by charities. a  Some people did not even have a soup kitchen to go to. People had to pick trash to find food. a  In the 1920s there were no governmental programs to help those who had fallen on hard times. As a result of the Great Depression we know have many governmental agencies to help in times of need. a  People did not have money for necessities so there was no way they were going out and buying things they did need. Companies that sold items such as car and other appliance that were selling like crazy before the depression were not selling anything. So production factories stop making money so more people lost jobs. a  People who did have jobs made barely enough to survive. Hired farm hands only made $ a year.  A doctor made $3, a year. a A few years later things became worse for Americans when the Dust Bowl started. In the area of the Dust Bowl people suffered from a severe drought and dust storms. a Dust was everywhere: lungs, food, drinks, houses, furniture, bodies. a Many people fled their homes to get away from the dust. They had little food and no place to stay. They lived in old cars, boxcars, and some on the streets. a  The Dust Bowl most of the crops in the affected region. So there was little food to go around. a Many people were headed west to start over where there was no dust. Many people went to California. Others had no choice but to stay behind and suffer.  a People who had savings in banks lost all their money. Banks had lent the money out and there was no money to pay it back.  Today we have protection when we put our money in the bank thanks to laws past as a result of the Great Depression.  a Many people lived in settlements where they built shacks out whatever they could find. These settlements for called Hoovervilles, named after President Hoover. a President Herbert Hoover in office in the beginning of the Great Depression.  He was blamed for "doing too little too late." a Some people would go into restaurants and pretend they were going to order when the waitress went back into the kitchen they would poor all the stuff on the table like ketchup, salt, pepper, etc into their water. They would drink it down before the waitress came back and then they would tell her that they changed their minds and they didn't see anything on the menu they wanted. This drink mixture was called "Hoover soup." a   African Americans were hit hardest during the depression. Companies laid off African Americans before others. a  Many farmers could not pay off their loan they had taken out so the bank would take their belongings and auction them off. a  In order to protect each other friends and neighbors would go to the auctions and pay low prices for the property and give it back to the original owner. They would refuse to pay very much money. These auctions are referred to as penny auctions. a  In 1933 Franklin D. Roosevelt became president. a Mrs. Roosevelt received thousands of letters from children begging for money, clothes, books, food, and other things for their families. Segregation prevented them from finding many options for housing. a  Franklin D. Roosevelt came up with a New Deal policy to help get America out of the Great Depression. a Some programs created under the New Deal are still around today: Social Security, National Recovery Administration, and Securities and Exchange Commissions. a  FDIC was created as a result of the Depression. This makes sure we do not lose money we put in the bank. a FDR used to talk to the nation on the radio. His talks are known as fireside talks. He would encourage the nation during his speeches. a  The Great Depression is said to have ended in a World War II made the United States economy go up. Factories and farms were once again needed to produce products and food overseas.

4. Election of 1920
Republican Warren G. Harding becomes the 29th President.
Calvin Coolidge becomes the Vice President
This is the 1st national election women have the right to vote
On Aug. 2, 1923 Harding dies and Coolidge takes over.

5. Teapot Dome Scandal Oil fields in California and Wyoming
Secretary of the Interior, Albert Fall
Cabinet position
Named for a rock formation in Wyoming

6. President Calvin Coolidge
On Aug. 2, 1923 Harding dies and Coolidge becomes the 30th president.
Coolidge is committed to business –
“The chief business of the American people is business.”
Laissez faire
He was elected to his own term in 1924

7. Supply Prices Farmers Farmers suffer greatly in the 1920’s.
Prices of products fall
Supply
Prices