2. STORMS

3. A tornado is a violently rotating column of air extending from a thunderstorm to the ground

4. CChange in wind direction IIncrease in wind speed IIncreasing height RRising air within a thunderstorm

5. Category Damage Wind F0 light 40–72 mph F1 moderate 73–112 mph F2 significant 113–157 mph F3 severe 158–206 mph F4 devastating 207–260 mph F5 incredible 261–318 mph Tornado damage is measured by the

6. 5 Where do tornadoes hit in the United States? Where do most tornadoes hit in the United States? In the United States, the area where the tornadoes Tornado Alley hit the most is called Tornado Alley. The states which are in the tornado alley are:  Texas  Nebraska  Colorado  Iowa  Illinois  Indiana  Missouri  Arkansas Danger! Tornadoes!

7. What is a hurricane? Violent cyclonic storm that develops in the tropical region Wind speeds are > 74 mph Source: http://earthobservatory.nasa.gov/ Newsroom/NewImages/images.php3?img_id=680

8. Rotation and Pressure In which direction does a hurricane rotate? COUNTERCLOCKWISE Is the barometric pressure inside the hurricane high or low? LOW

9. What conditions must be present for a hurricane to develop? 1. Warm ocean temperatures (>80˚ F) up to 60m deep 2. Little to no wind shear 3. Low pressure system at least 5˚ North or South of Equator 4. Rotation caused by winds Source: http://lwf.ncdc.noaa. gov/oa/reports/fran/fran.html

10. What is the major source of energy fueling a hurricane? Heat Energy evaporating from the ocean surface Source: http://ww2010.atmos.uiuc.edu/(Gh)/guides/mtr/hyd/evap.rxml

11. Hurricane Anatomy Source: http://hurricanes.noaa.gov/prepare/structure.htm

12. By what two factors is hurricane strength measured? Wind Speed Barometric Pressure

13. What is the Scale Used to Categorize Hurricanes? Saffir-Simpson Scale CategoryMax Wind Speed (mph) Min. Surface Pressure (mb) Storm Surge m (ft) 174-96> 9801-1.7 (3-5) 297-111979-9651.8-2.6 (6-8) 3112-131964-9452.7-3.8 (9-12) 4132-155944-9203.9-5.6 (13-18) 5> 155< 920> 5.7 (>19) Source: http://kids.earth.nasa.gov/archive/hurricane/saffir-simpson.html

14. Thunderstorms and Rising Air Thunder storms are started when air rises, cools and starts to loose its moisture. T-storms are caused by rising humid air along either a warm or cold front The greater the temperature differences, the more quickly the storm forms T-storms are rather short-lived, usually the cycle lasts an hour or less

15. 3 parts to a T-storm 1.Formation – rising air expands & cools; condensation occurs, clouds form 2.Mature – precipitation/bad weather 3.Dissipation – clouds disappear

16. 1. A severe snowstorm with strong winds and poor visibility 2. Winds must exceed 56km (35 mi) per hour 3. Temperature must be -7 degrees celsius or lower

17. When do Blizzards Occur Blizzards occur anytime between late fall and early spring.

18. How do Blizzards Form 1. When colder air meets warmer air and begin to twist. 2. Some type of precipitation must be present in the clouds. 3. Must be a combination of freezing temperature and heavy winds.

19. Where Do Blizzards Occur Blizzards are most common in the: 1.Northern Mississippi Basin 2.Central Part of Canada 3.Russia 4. Central Great Plains