1. 2. Eubacteria “true” bacteria microscopic
ex cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) on earth for over 3 billion years
able to carry out photosynthesis (produces oxygen)
oxygen conc of atmosphere increased allowing oxygen breathers (animals) to survive

2. Uses of Eubacteria digestion in intestines yoghurt/cheese production
fermentation (wine, beer, pickling…)
wastewater/oil spill/toxic spill treatment
BiologySource
decomposers

3. Dangerous Eubacteria cause health problems: strep throat
food poisoning (E. coli and salmonella)

4. Structure & Function of Bacteria
microscopic
smallest living cells
classified according to:
cell shape
cell wall structure
motility (way of moving)

5. 1. Cell Shape 3 basic cell shapes spherical – “cocci”
rod-shaped – “ bacilli”
spiral – “spirochetes”

6. prefixes are added to show living arrangement of bacteria
strepto – chain
stphlyo - cluster

7. CAN YOU NAME IT???
diplococcus
staphylococcus
streptococcus

8. 2. Cell Wall Structure
2 kinds of cell walls, appear different when stained with Gram stain
peptidoglycan – thick coat of sugars, makes wall strong & rigid (Gram postive)
less peptidoglycan (Gram negative)

9. Movement various methods:
most mobile bacteria use flagella (whip- like tail)
others secrete mucous can glide on

10. Typical Bacteria

12. How Bacteria Reproduce
Asexual - Binary Fission
1 original cell splits into 2
can occur in 20 minutes for many bacteria species.
In 12 hours, 1 bacterium can divide to form a colony of 68 billion cells.
overcrowding, waste, and food availability do not allow populations to grow this large.
produces colonies of bacteria that are genetically identical.

13. 2. Types of Sexual Reproduction
Transformation: bacteria pick up stray DNA from their surroundings.
Conjugation: two bacterial cells join (= conjugate) to exchange genetic material (plasmids, separate from main DNA)

14. 3. Transduction: viruses that infect bacteria transmit genetic material from another source
Endospores form when environmental conditions make normal functions too difficult.