1. The Hudson River School Look at the paintings on the next three slides. Identify traits which they all have in common.

3. A Storm In The Rocky Mountains, Albert Bierstadt

4. Kindred Spirits 1849 Asher Brown Durand

6. mid-19th century American art movement embodied by landscape painters whose aesthetic vision was influenced by romanticism. the first coherent school of American art - active from 1825 to 1870; painted wilderness landscapes of the Hudson River valley and surrounding New England

7. Landscape In The Adirondacks, Frederic Edwin Church A Storm In The Rocky Mountains, Albert Bierstadt The Hudson River School style involved carefully detailed paintings with romantic, almost glowing lighting, sometimes called luminism. The paintings for which the movement is named depict the Hudson River Valley and the surrounding area, including the Catskill, Adirondack, and the White Mountains; eventually works by the second generation of artists associated with the school expanded to include other locales.

8. Hudson River School paintings reflect three themes of America in the 19th century: discovery, exploration, and settlement. The HRS combines elements of Romanticism and Nationalism. The first Europeans who came to the New World tended to view nature either as an evil, forbidding wasteland or as a storehouse of economically valuable resources. In either case, wilderness was something to be quickly civilized, brought under human control in the name of progress… The HRS paintings depict the American landscape as a pastoral setting, where human beings and nature coexist peacefully.

10. This period saw masterpieces like: Nathanial Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter, and The House of the Seven Gables. Herman Melville’s Moby Dick Henry David Thoreau’s Walden Walt Whitman, Leaves of Grass Washington Irving, Rip Van Winkle and The Headless Horseman Edgar Allan Poe, suspenseful short stories like The Raven James Fenimore Cooper, Last of the Mohicans

11. Wrote of the American West and peoples experiences and reactions with nature. Developed ideal of individuals with a natural inner goodness. His most popular work, Last of the Mohicans, defined the stereotypical work of white frontiersman and Native Americans.

12. Wrote Moby Dick, Themes include man versus man, man versus nature and man versus society. Revolves around the obsession of a sea captain with a giant whale Considered one of the most important novels in American Literature.

13. American transcendentalist who was against slavery and stressed self-reliance, optimism, self- improvement, self-confidence, and freedom. He was a prime example of a transcendentalist and helped further the movement. Henry David Thoreau Protégé of Emerson United States writer and social critic (1817-1862) Transcendentalist and wrote on civil disobedience

14. Henry Wadsworth Longfellow was America's most beloved nineteenth century poet. He created myths and classic epics from American historical events and materials — Native American oral history ("The Song of Hiawatha"), and the first battle of the Revolutionary War ("Paul Revere's Ride"). He reminded Americans of their roots and in the process became an American icon himself.Paul Revere's Ride

15. Civil Disobedience: On the Duty of Civil Disobedience," 1849 Henry David Thoreau wrote this essay where he expressed opposition to the Mexican War. He argued that individuals have a moral responsibility to oppose unjust laws & unjust actions by gov'ts. This essay influenced Dr. King's philosophy of nonviolent resistance.

16. Walt Whitman Leaves of Grass Celebrated democracy, the liberation of individual spirit Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Letter About the price individuals pay for cutting themselves off from society. Set in Puritan New England