1. Byzantine Art

2. Byzantine Characteristics Mosaics and icons become the main form of decoration Mosaics and icons become the main form of decoration Central dome church. Central dome church. Floor plans take the form of a Greek Cross and most often haves a central Dome. Floor plans take the form of a Greek Cross and most often haves a central Dome. The altar faces East. The altar faces East.

3. Terminology Icon – a religious image usually a saint or Christ image. Icon – a religious image usually a saint or Christ image. Minaret – a tall, slender tower attached to a mosque from which the crier calls people to prayer. Minaret – a tall, slender tower attached to a mosque from which the crier calls people to prayer. Pendentive - A triangular piece of vaulting coming from the corner of a rectangular area to support a round or polygonal dome. Usually four are needed to support a round dome on a square base. Pendentive - A triangular piece of vaulting coming from the corner of a rectangular area to support a round or polygonal dome. Usually four are needed to support a round dome on a square base.

4. Church of San Vitale. Ravenna, Italy. (c. 525-547 AD)

5. 4. Emperor Justinian and his Attendants. (546 AD) Mosaic, at San Vitale, Ravenna.

6. Empress Theodora and her Attendants. (546 AD) Mosaic, at San Vitale, Ravenna.

7. Byzantine Mosaic (details)

8. Q. What are Justinian and Theodora holding?

9. Justinian holds bread (the Eucharist) and Theodora holds the cup of the communion (the wine). What does this symbolize? Halo over his head. Justinian is placed in front (overlapping feet).

10. Close up of Mosaic Close up of MosaicHistory: Theodora was the most powerful women in the Empire’s history. Theodora was the most powerful women in the Empire’s history. She fought to give women more rights (in a way she was the first feminist) She fought to give women more rights (in a way she was the first feminist)

11. Remix: Istanbul not Constantinople They Might Be Giants 1990 Original: Lyrics by: Jimmy Kennedy Music by: Nat Simon The Four Lads Swing Style 1953 Turkey’s announcement that Constantinople would henceforth only be known by the name Istanbul created a stir. This swing song written in Turkey’s defense took the edge off Western pique and served to soften Western outrage over the Muslimization of the city's name. [2] [2] One of the better-known versions of "Istanbul (Not Constantinople)" is the cover by the alternative rock alternative rock band They Might Be Giants They Might Be Giants (TMBG), who released it on their album Flood in1990. It was released as the second single from that album in the same year. TMBG's version is at a faster tempo than the original. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PBTxj YeRPB8 original https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Wcze 7EGorOk

12. 5. Anthemius of Tralles & Isodorus of Miletos. Hagia Sophia. (c. 532-537 AD) Istanbul, Turkey.

13. Byzantine Architecture How did they place a dome on a square room? How did they place a dome on a square room?

15. Interior of the Hagia Sofia…

16. (Interior View: Dome of the Hagia Sophia)

17. History Means church of the “Holy Wisdom,” originally constructed under the orders of Emperor JustinianMeans church of the “Holy Wisdom,” originally constructed under the orders of Emperor Justinian Began as an orthodox church and served as Cathedral of Constantinople 360-1453 ADBegan as an orthodox church and served as Cathedral of Constantinople 360-1453 AD Served as a mosque from 1453 (conquered by the Ottoman Turks, under Sultan Mehmed II) until 1934Served as a mosque from 1453 (conquered by the Ottoman Turks, under Sultan Mehmed II) until 1934 Secularized by the Republic of Turkey and has served as a museum since 1935Secularized by the Republic of Turkey and has served as a museum since 1935 Pendentive – A triangular piece of vaulting springing from the corner of a rectangular area to support a round or polygonal dome. Usually four are needed to support a round dome on a square base. 8. Hagia Sofia Forms of decoration: -interior - mosaics Borrowed Architectural Features: -dome -Arches -Columns New Architectural Feature: -pendentive -minarets

18. https://www.youtube.c om/watch?v=zIYb9bB A9mY https://www.youtube.c om/watch?v=zIYb9bB A9mY Venice is Sinking Spirit of the West 1993 The song is about Mann's honeymoon in Venice with his wife, Jill Daum. Infatuated with the city, Mann expresses his desire never to leave by alluding to the sinking of the city and asserting that he'll go down with it: "And if Venice is sinking/Then I'm going under". The song also references Marino Marini's sculpture "Angelo della Città":

19. The private chapel of the Doge (ruler of Venice), now the city’s church. Built over the remains of St. Mark the Evangelist.

20. 6. St. Mark’s Basilica. (1063 AD) Venice, Italy.

21. Greek Cross Plan

27. 5. St. Mark’s Cathedral. (1063) Venice, Italy. History: Originally the private chapel of the Doge (ruler of Venice), now the city’s church Built over the remains of St. Mark the Evangelist, supposedly stolen by merchants from Alexandria (North Africa) The horses were stolen from the Hippodrome of Constantinople during the 4 th Crusade (1204) Forms of decoration: -mosaics 8,000 square meters of mosaics Architectural Features: -domes -Greek floor plan -arches