2. Section 6.1 Chemical Equations Chemists use statements called equations to represent chemical reactions. Descriptions and observations are not enough to detail chemical reactions

3. Section 6.1 Chemical Equations A substance that undergoes a reaction is called a reactant.reactant Each new substance formed from reactants reacting is called a product.product

4. Section 6.1 Chemical Equations (cont.) Word equations are the simplest way to express chemical reactions in words Each reactant is separated by a plus (+) sign Each product is separated by a plus (+) sign Reactants and products are separated from each other by an arrow (  )

5. Section 6.1 Chemical Equations (cont.) Basic Format: Reactant 1 + Reactant 2  Product 1 + Product 2 Example: Vinegar + baking soda  sodium acetate + water+ carbon dioxide

6. Section 6.1 Chemical Equations (cont.) Scientific names can also be used Example: acetic acid + sodium hydrogen carbonate → sodium acetate + water + carbon dioxide

7. Section 6.1 Chemical Equations (cont.) Chemical equations use symbols and formulas to represent the reactants and products. This tells you exactly what reacted, and what was formed. Example: HC 2 H 3 O 2 + NaHCO 3 → NaC 2 H 3 O 2 + H 2 O + CO 2

8. Section 6.1 Chemical Equations (cont.) Symbols for states of matter: (s) solid (l) liquid (g) gas (aq) aqueous [in water solution]

9. Section 6.1 Chemical Equations (cont.) The state of matter directly follows the formula it describes. Example: HC 2 H 3 O 2 (aq) + NaHCO 3 (s) → NaC 2 H 3 O 2 (aq) + H 2 O (l) + CO 2 (g)

10. Section 6.1 Examples of Chemical Equations Na (s) + H 2 O (l)  NaOH (aq) + H 2 (g) What are the reactants? Na and H 2 O What are the products? NaOH and H 2