1. PERSISTENT SURVEILLANCE FOR PIPELINE PROTECTION AND THREAT INTERDICTION ARIES Pathways Study Kick-off Meeting Ken Schultz 3 April 2007 Determining the Technology, Physics, Industrial and Organizational Needs of a Fusion Pilot Plant

2. Advisory Committee Establishing Goals and Objectives (Design Requirements) Determining specific metrics for performance

3. We will reconstitute an Advisory Committee ARIES Utility Advisory Committee shaped the basic design requirements for fusion power plants in 1994. –Focused on commercial fusion power plants –Members from several utilities and EPRI –Many of those utilities and individuals are now gone An Advisory Committee will be reconvened –Broaden the scope of membership to include vendors, architect-engineers, and regulators as well as utilities and EPRI –Focus on Demo and Pilot Plant

4. Advisory Committee Candidates EPRI –Jack Kaslow Utilities –Entergy - Steve Melançon –Southern California Edison - Loyd Wright –More?? Architect-Engineers –Bechtel - Larry Papay –Washington Group International - Jadu Das –Shaw Stone & Webster - Reiner Kuhr –More? Vendors –Westinghouse - Sam Harkness, Mario Carelli –General Electric - Eric Loewen –Areva - Finis Southworth, Bob Tilly Regulators –NRC - Kent Welter –ACRS – Said Abdel-Khalik

5. Fundamental Requirements for Fusion Power  Have an economically competitive life-cycle cost of electricity  Gain Public acceptance by having excellent safety and environmental characteristics No disturbance of public’s day-to-day activities No local or global atmospheric impact No need for evacuation plan No high-level waste Ease of licensing  Reliable, available, and stable as an electrical power source Have operational reliability and high availability Closed, on-site fuel cycle High fuel availability Capable of partial load operation Available in a range of unit sizes Fusion physics & technology Low-activation material Blanket and fuel cycle choices

6. Committee will focus on high level design requirements Review requirements for commercial fusion power plants –ARIES-AT should be example of development goal Define requirements for Fusion DEMO plant –Likely identical or very similar, except economics Help in evaluation of which features must be demonstrated in a fusion pilot plant prior to DEMO –What features must be proven before a utility would invest in a DEMO? –Will test facilities satisfy this requirement? –This will help us define the design requirements of the pilot plant

7. Demonstration of DEMO features could be done in several facilities ITER will demonstrate many key features Non-nuclear test facilities may be adequate for some demonstrations Fission reactor testing may satisfy some needs A fusion materials test facility may be available – is it needed? A pilot plant will be needed for everything else –Advanced tokamak physics –Power producing breeding blankets –Integration of physics and fusion technology How little could be done in a pilot plant? –Would that be cost effective?

8. The testing needs will define the design requirements for the pilot plant Plasma performance of the ARIES-AT tokamak –  N –Non-inductive current drive Power and particle management –High temperature heat recovery –Adequate component lifetime Fuel management –Tritium breeding control Plant operations –Plasma control –Reasonable availability that improves quickly

9. Systems studies will link design requirements to performance metrics for a pilot plant Advanced tokamak physics will be required –  N, current drive Achievement of power performance parameters can be optimized –R, a, B T, Q to achieve needed  –Efficient power conversion is important, but probably not net power

10. ITER + test facilities + pilot plant must demonstrate the essential features needed for DEMO Waste (class C or less) Reliability and controlability Maintenanability Fuel cycle control Safety Licensibility Partial power operation Thermal efficiency Power density Cost that extrapolates to commercial

11. The ARIES Pathways study will define and then design a fusion pilot plant Advisory committee will help define what the pilot plant must demonstrate Design requirements to accomplish this will be developed Systems analyses will determine the best way to meet these requirements

12. Important Task: Pick a good name Fusion Pilot Plant – FPP The Next Study – TNS Experimental Power Reactor – EPR, ExPR Experimental Power Reactor Tokamak - ExPRT …...