1. EC (up to all your available EC) Print out the following song lyrics: “We Didn’t Start the Fire”, Billy Joel. Underline all the names of Cold War people and popular subjects/topics/objects in the song by tomorrow when we listen to it in class. Turn in the paper after we finish the song for up to 51 points of EC. You have to underline at least 51 to get all your EC.

2. The Cold War Ends p. 536

3. Communist v. Free World The Soviet Union had one goal during the Cold War: Lead the developing world in resisting the US takeover of the world. It got more expensive for the Soviets to do that. By 1990, one Soviet leader asked his nation if it wanted to continue this policy…..

4. Afghanistan— In the 1970s, ___ in Afghanistan took over the country. –Communists They began reforms that would be very unpopular, especially with Muslim fundamentalists, there. (4) –Women’s rights and education –Repression of religion in favor of communist ideology. –Other reforms that upset traditional Afghanis –Land reform: taken from once powerful families (warlords) and given to poor Afghanis.

5. Mujahedin (Mujahideen):Mujahideen Muslims and warlord “justice fighters” fighting the Communist Afghani government. They began to defeat the Communists. –Had light but effective US support

6. Afghanistan War Leonid Brezhnev declared that the Soviet Union will defend any Communist government in danger, anywhere in the world (_____Doctrine). Brezhnev He ordered an invasion by several hundred thousand Soviet troops in 1979. The Soviets had much trouble fighting in the mountainous terrain, –like the Americans in Vietnam, they used: Powerful attack helicopters Jet bomber attacks Burning villagesvillages Chemical gas

7. Afghanistan: US Aid The US saw the ____ rebels could fight well against the Soviets…. Mujahidin –The US gave them…. ground-to-air missiles, CIA advisors –training in guerrilla warfare against the modern technology of the Soviets The Soviets rapidly went on the defensive. (Soviets are the ones with the helmets, tanks, helos, planes, heavy equipment)defensive

8. Resistance to Soviet Control Some Soviet Bloc countries thought they could push for independence, –In 1956, encouraged by Khruschev’s relaxation of censorship, ____ demanded Soviet troops leave.leave –Hungarians More Soviet troops were sent in and a violent repression took place.

9. Poland— Lech Walesa: –1980: Leader of the illegally organized ship workers’ union in Gdansk (Danzig). Demanded economic reforms. Led strikes. Demanded political reforms. –Under Soviet orders, the Polish communist government had Walesa and other leaders imprisoned. –He became a national and international hero.

10. SolidarnoscSolidarnosc (Solidarity): Illegal Polish ship worker union in 1980. Millions supported it.supported –It is still a major political force in Poland today. Western media also made him and the union international heroes. –Unions all around the world made signs and held rallies using the “Solidarity” symbolsymbol demanding for the freedom of the Polish unionists.

11. Mikhail Gorbachev: Became Soviet leader in 1985. He began reforms in Soviet government, policy, and society. (4) –Promoted a better standard of living for Soviets. –Negotiated and signed arms agreements with the US. –Ordered troops out of Afghanistan –Allowed opening of “Iron Curtain”

12. Glasnost: Openness. –Gorbachev allowed total free expression and criticism. –Dissidents were freed from prisons.

13. Perestroika: Gorbachev reorganized the government and allowed capitalism in the economy

14. What changes took place under Gorbachev’s Perestroika?: Government (2) Reduced bureaucracy Republics allowed more self-rule Economy (4) Foreign investors encouraged to enter the country. Allowed private enterprise and property State industries run by workers, not committees Farmers allowed to sell goods on free market

15. Soviet Collapse There were complaints on both sides of the Soviet society. –The Soviet Union finally ceased to exist in 1990.Soviet Union –The Russian Federation would replace it.

16. Gorbachev to Yeltsin Gorbachev was not elected the president of the first Russian government in 1991; –that went to _____. –Boris Yeltsin –Gorbachev has been active in the world, even with the early loss of his wife, Raisa, to cancer, on many issues from arms to global warming.Raisaarms to global warming

17. Russia lost its “superpower” status, or did it?: Russia’ conventional military is reduced. –Russia is now one of the major arms dealers for profit. It still has the largest nuclear force on the planet. Is very concerned about Eastern European nations joining NATO. Russia becomes the Russian Federation –The largest economy in Western Asia. –Concerned about Eastern European nations and Turkey joining the European Union. Russia participates on the G8. –Currently suspended for annexation of Crimea from Ukraine, 2014. Russia is still on the UN Security Council –Stopping the US from aiding Syrian rebels in 2012 Vladimir Putin has used loopholes to be president more than Russian law allows--he runs the country in an undemocratic manner.

18. EC: Achievements and failures of the Soviet Union over 70 years: Achievements: (3) Using Germans and Germany technology (like the Americans), put the first satellite into space Job security Free social services: health, Failures: (7) Collective farming failed to produce enough food; country had to import grain often Consumer production failed to meet the needs of Soviet population; poor quality; Important CP members actually had products from the West. Low standard of living Wages low Stagnant economy, low tax base = increasing impossibility to keep up with US in the arms race. Keeping military forces, support, and agents all over the world was very expensive…..

19. The former Soviet Union Soviet reforms encouraged the other Soviet peoples to demand independence. First, were the Baltic States (3) –Latvia –Lithuania Gorbachev ordered troops in, then quickly called them off when the troops fired on unarmed demonstrators, and the world criticized the Soviet Union –EstoniaEstonia Soon, the Eastern Bloc and rest of the Republics.

20. Karol Wojtyla—Wojtyla In an unusual move, the Catholic Church selected a Polish cardinal to be Pope in 1978. –EC: He chose the name _____ (after the sadly short-lived former pope, whom he replaced) –John Paul IIJohn Paul II Being Polish and a popular Pope, he was a critical force and voice against Soviet control in Eastern Europe.

21. Poland The Polish communist government collapsed in 1989. –_______ was elected the first democratic president in 1990 –Lech Walesa

22. Hungary— –Had been secretly allowed to limited market economy. by USSR, since 1968, –By 1988, many demanded total political freedom. –Became independent in ____ –1989

23. Czechoslovakia— By 1989, large demonstrations forced the Communist government to declare free elections: Vaclav Havel: –A dissident against the Communist government and human rights activist. –Elected first democratic president of Czechoslovakia. EC: In 1992, Czechoslovakia divided to create two new nations: (2) –Czech Republic –Slovakia

24. East Germany— At first, East German Communists resisted Gorbachev’s reforms. Growing demonstrations by the people changed their minds. –The Communists capitulated in, ____ –1989.

25. Most Communist governments fell peacefully, but not all: Nicolae Ceausescu: Ruthless leader of Romania’s Communist government. –Had troops kill and wound reformist demonstrators –was notorious for other human rights violations against his people. He refused to resign. –Vicious fighting broke out –The army was divided His government was finally overthrown. He was captured and executed.executed

26. Global Communism Declines With the collapse of the Soviet Union, the Communist governments and parties around the world lost their largest supporter and trade partner. Many former communist lands began to see _____ as the better way for their people’s economies. capitalism

27. The PRC (China)— After Mao Zedong’s death, the new leader was ______ Deng Xiaopeng. –He allowed massive capitalist growth in China in the 1970s. –He continued strong government control on the rights of the Chinese people, however.

28. China’s GDP grew very quickly (CCTV is run by the Communist government).GDPquickly –Such fast growth has caused two very negative results as well: EC (2) Wide income ‘gap’ growing between rural and country people, and a small, rich class and large poor class. Causing an environmental disaster that the rich do not want to pay for. –The Chinese government is slow to help ordinary people. »Communist Party cooperates with and supervises businesses. »Corruption is high in the government »Ironically, anyone found guilty of corruption goes to prison for life or is executed

29. Cuba— –Strong command economy Very little market economics allowed –Tourism from the United States is allowed. –US economic embargo still very strong, but reduced somewhat since the 1990s.1990 EC: ____ from tourists and families in the US are desired over Cuban money. Dollars

30. World Leadership? EC: The US, with UN, European, and (sometimes) Russian agreement and support,has become the effective “policeman” of the world: –Driving ______ ‘s Iraqi forces out of Kuwait, 1991.1991 –Saddam Hussein –Failed Intervention in _____, in east Africa, 1994 –Somalia –Stopping ____ attacks on Kosovar minorities in former Yugoslavia, 1998. –Serbian –Attempting to destroy _____ terrorist forces in Afghanistan, 2001 –Al-Qaeda

31. Americans argue today what the proper international role for the US in the future. Pro-intervention (2) US must have a safe world to exist in. –Self protection Anti-intervention (2) US has no right to make the world do what it wants; should stay out of other countries’ business. –Self-determination

32. homework

33. Analyzing Political Cartoons, p. 538 : 1 That it was politically unstable 2 It was uncertain how long he would be the leader 3 Uses idea from a familiar nursery rhyme to connect what was going on politically.

34. Standards Check, p. 539: Question: Gorbachev’s policies encouraged the Soviet republics to choose independence, creating 15 new nations.

35. Image, p. 540 Question: They would not want workers to have too much control

36. Standards Check, p. 541 Glasnost led to….. Loosened Soviet control over Eastern Europe Open resistance and criticism of, and independence from, the Soviet Union.

37. Image, p. 541 Question A market economy Because –There are a large number of goods and services for sale in a healthy, competitive economy.

38. Standards Check, p. 542 Question: Cuba and North Korea remained communist and command economies. Vietnam and China moved toward market economies, but remained communist.

39. Standards Check, p. 542 Question: Some nations felt America was overstepping its powers by acting as the self-appointed “world policeman” Others were comforted by its power as a protector of freedom and wealth.

40. Thinking Critically, p. 543 1 All the citizens of Czechoslovakia 2 Shared the responsibility and participation from everyone

41. We Didn’t Start the Fire….. (if time) Billy Joel Covers the Cold War era and other events, from roughly 1948 to 1989 (when the song was performed).performed

42. "We Didn't Start The Fire" by Billy JoelBilly Joel Harry Truman, Doris Day, Red China, Johnnie Ray South Pacific, Walter Winchell, Joe DiMaggio Joe McCarthy, Richard Nixon, Studebaker, television North Korea, South Korea, Marilyn Monroe Rosenbergs, H-Bomb, Sugar Ray, Panmunjom Brando, "The King and I", and "The Catcher in the Rye" Eisenhower, vaccine, England's got a new queen Marciano, Liberace, Santayana goodbye CHORUS We didn't start the fire It was always burning Since the world's been turning We didn't start the fire No we didn't light it But we tried to fight it Josef Stalin, Malenkov, Nasser and Prokofiev Rockefeller, Campanella, Communist Bloc Roy Cohn, Juan Peron, Toscanini, dacron Dien Bien Phu and "Rock Around the Clock" Einstein, James Dean, Brooklyn's got a winning team Davy Crockett, "Peter Pan", Elvis Presley, Disneyland Bardot, Budapest, Alabama, Khrushchev Princess Grace, "Peyton Place", trouble in the Suez CHORUS Little Rock, Pasternak, Mickey Mantle, Kerouac Sputnik, Chou En-Lai, "Bridge on the River Kwai"Harry TrumanDoris DayRed ChinaJohnnie Ray South PacificWalter WinchellJoe DiMaggio Joe McCarthyRichard NixonStudebakertelevision North Korea, South KoreaMarilyn Monroe RosenbergsH-BombSugar RayPanmunjom Brando"The King and I""The Catcher in the Rye" EisenhowervaccineEngland'squeen MarcianoLiberaceSantayana Josef StalinMalenkovNasserProkofiev RockefellerCampanellaCommunist Bloc Roy CohnJuan PeronToscaninidacron Dien Bien Phu"Rock Around the Clock" EinsteinJames DeanBrooklyn's got a winning team Davy Crockett"Peter Pan"Elvis PresleyDisneyland BardotBudapestAlabamaKhrushchev Princess Grace"Peyton Place"Suez Little RockPasternakMickey MantleKerouac SputnikChou En-Lai"Bridge on the River Kwai" Lebanon, Charles de Gaulle, California baseball Starkweather, homicide, children of thalidomide Buddy Holly, "Ben-Hur", space monkey, Mafia hula hoops, Castro, Edsel is a no go U2, Syngman Rhee, payola and Kennedy Chubby Checker, "Psycho", Belgians in the Congo LebanonCharles de GaulleCalifornia baseball Starkweather, homicidethalidomide Buddy Holly"Ben-Hur"space monkeyMafia hula hoopsCastroEdsel U2Syngman RheepayolaKennedy Chubby Checker"Psycho"Belgians in the Congo CHORUS Hemingway, Eichmann, "Stranger in a Strange Land" Dylan, Berlin, Bay of Pigs Invasion "Lawrence of Arabia", British Beatlemania Ole Miss, John Glenn, Liston beats Patterson Pope Paul, Malcolm X, British politician sex JFK, blown away, what else do I have to say CHORUS Birth control, Ho Chi Minh, Richard Nixon, back again Moonshot, Woodstock, Watergate, punk rock Begin, Reagan, Palestine, terror on the airline Ayatollolah's in Iran, Russians in Afghanistan "Wheel of Fortune", Sally Ride, heavy metal, suicide Foreign debts, homeless vets, AIDS, Crack, Bernie Goetz Hypodermics on the shore, China's under martial law Rock and Roller Cola Wars, I can't take it anymore CHORUS We didn't start the fire But when we are gone Will it still burn on, and on, and on, and on... A super video of the song: Billy Joel - "We Didn't Start the Fire" HemingwayEichmann"Stranger in a Strange Land" DylanBerlinBay of Pigs Invasion "Lawrence of Arabia"British Beatlemania Ole MissJohn GlennListon beats Patterson Pope PaulMalcolm XBritish politician sex JFK Birth controlHo Chi MinhRichard Nixon MoonshotWoodstockWatergatepunk rock BeginReaganPalestineterror on the airline Ayatollolah's in IranRussians in Afghanistan"Wheel of Fortune"Sally Rideheavy metalsuicideForeign debtshomeless vetsAIDSCrackBernie Goetz Hypodermics on the shoreChina's under martial law Rock and Roller Cola WarsBilly Joel - "We Didn't Start the Fire"