1. IAEA International Atomic Energy Agency EPR-Public Communications L-07 Emergency Communications

2. IAEA Emergency communications In the event of an emergency, emergency communications (or crisis communications), has several unique characteristics; The role of communication in managing human behavior is much more important; The need for constant communication is much higher The need to monitor other communication channels is much higher; The risk perception factors of UNCERTAINTY and CONTROL are much more important than the others.

3. IAEA Unique Circumstances Confusion and Uncertainty are higher; Time is condensed; Give people things to do and explain why.

4. IAEA Unique circumstances Greater need for basic facts; Higher need for framing the situation; Higher need to establish credibility.

5. IAEA Unique circumstances Increased sensitivity for the emotional nature of how people respond to danger; Avoid telling people to calm down, or how they should feel.

6. IAEA Timing Time is condensed; Requires well-rehearsed risk communication plan to be in place; Basic messages must be ready; Requires constant updates.

7. IAEA Control Give people a sense of control; A feeling of control helps people keep their fears in perspective and allows them to make better choices; This can be as simple as telling them where to go for more information or when you will communicate updated information.

8. IAEA Emergency communications If your organization is the main source of information, ensure this is known amongst other agencies at the beginning of an emergency, for consistency of information; Monitor other channels during this critical period; Learn and correct misinformation.

9. IAEA Circumstances Context Risk Perception Characteristics AudiencesChannelsSpokespersonActions/Messages Copyright, Ropeik & Associates Time_________ Date_________ Guidance for planning

10. IAEA Changing circumstances Things change fast; New chart with each significant update; With each new update, the first step is determine your goals.

11. IAEA Risk perception characteristics Uncertainty Control Catastrophic Trust Under higher stress, empathy is very important Malicious event/attack is much worse

12. IAEA Audiences Public directly at risk Public immediately outside emergency location Public at large Public health and medical professionals involved in the disaster response Health care professionals outside the response effort Civic leaders, local, state, and national Trade and industry International neighbors Stakeholders and partners specific to the emergency

13. IAEA Channels Some may be more in use than at other times, like social networks, mobile phones; Attention to main stream media much higher; Some may not be working.

14. IAEA Actions, messages Content should address basic facts: What happened? How big is the event? How long will it last? How dangerous is it? What can people do to protect themselves? What is being done to bring things under control or clean things up? What is the cause? What is the affected area? Who is in charge of emergency response?

15. IAEA Actions, messages Repetition Reduce uncertainty about radiation in general with basics about dose Coordinated with other key organizatons

16. IAEA Summary Unique form of risk communication Higher stress inside and outside organization. Much greater need to give people a sense of control by telling them things they can do Time is condensed Confusion and uncertainty are higher Need for basic facts greater Need to establish credibility higher. Need for framing higher Respect for fears Honesty