1. 25 November 2015 OPERAs User Board Meeting, Edinburgh Visitor survey on benefits provided by the Pentland Hills Regional Park Activities in 2014 and results Katja Schmidt, René Sachse, Ariane Walz University of Potsdam, Germany

2. User survey in the Pentland Hills Getting in touch and setting up the study First scoping in Edinburgh, Dec 2013 Our questions: Who is visiting, what has changed since previous visitor surveys? Which benefits do visitors appreciate most? Where are hotspots of appreciation? How do visitors want the Pentland Hills to be like in 10-15 years? ? n=466 n=110 Online survey, Jul-Oct 2014Visitor survey, Jun-Jul 2014

3. User survey in the Pentland Hills Interview locations

4. User survey in the Pentland Hills Questionnaire design Food and biomass provision They provide agricultural products, food, wool Carbon storageThey support climate regulation as a carbon sink Mediation of pollutants They clean and renew air, water and soils EducationThey enable to learn about the environment Physical exerciseThey provide a nat.env. that can be used for phys. activities Experiencing nature They enable to experience nature Habitat/ biodiversity They provide habitat for a wild plants and animals Natural and cultural history They hold places and things of natural and human history (e.g. landscape, farming traditions) InspirationThey provide inspiration and convey a sense of place List of ecosystem services in the Pentland Hills Information about visitor Origin, gender, age, frequency of visit, type trips, activities in PH, Company, motivations to visit, important areas, interest in land management, extension of RP Preferred spots „Within this map, please identify up to 3 places that you personally benefit from. (…)“ Rating „Please rate the following benefits provided by the Pentland Hills regarding their importance (personal/shared) on a scale from not important at all to very important. (1-5). …“ Weighting /allocation of points „Imagine you could allocate 100 points to ensure that the Pentland Hills keep their existing benefits…“ Preferences under trade-offs „Ideally, which combination of benefits will be provided by the PHRP in the next 10-15 years?“

5. User survey in the Pentland Hills Land management preferences based on trade-offs

6. Information about the visitors ORIGIN

7. Information about the visitors Compared to the 1998 and 2006 surveys

8. Information about the visitors Activities

9. Information about the visitors Company, Motivation to visit the Park, Important areas

10. Information about the visitors Interest in land management, Extension of the Regional Park

11. Information about the visitors Used routes by interview location

12. Visitor hotspots in the Pentland Hills Up to three spots that visitors personally benefit from Survey: „Within this map, please identify up to 3 places that you personally benefit from. (…) “ Points placed by intervieweesKernel analysis (points per sq. km)

13. Rating of benefits Importance of benefits on scale 1-5 Experiencing nature Physical exercise Education Natural/cultural history Food production Mediation of pollutants Carbon storageHabitat/Biodiversity Inspiration Physical exercise Education Natural history Food Med. of polluta nts Carbon storage Habitat/BiodiversityInspiration Experiencing nature

14. Weighting of benefits Allocation of 100 points across benefits Experiencing nature Physical exercise Education Natural/cultural history Food production Mediation of pollutants Carbon storageHabitat/Biodiversity Inspiration

15. Trade-off based landscape preferences

16. environmentalists rat. multifunctionalists insp. multifunctionalists nature lovers active recreation seekers

17. Results landscape preferences 13%16%48%15% 9% 13%16%48%15% 9%

18. Summary of our findings  Highlight non-monetary values of Pentlands  Results reflect visitors‘ preferences  Generally homogenous visitor profiles  Main landscape preferences  traditional „nature lovers“  Future managment guidance:  support for nature enhancement  open to more intense use for climate change mitigation or recreation

19. THANK YOU!!