1. Unpacking to stay – when did Britain become a home? Six immigration stories

2. Enquiry question: How multicultural was Roman Britain? Unpacking to stay: when did Britain become a home?

3. I will be able to demonstrate that Roman Britain was multicultural by drawing on one source I will be able to demonstrate that Roman Britain was multicultural by analysing migration evidence from multiple pieces of source evidence Aim: To consider how multicultural Roman Britain was I will be able to explain that Roman Britain was multicultural

4. Key Words Migration: people moving from one place to another Multicultural: A society containing several different cultural or ethnic groups

5. Task 1:Do now: Spider Diagram Task: Create a Spider Diagram in pairs about what you already know about Roman Britain Some ideas to help you: -When did they arrive? Leave? -Where did they settle? -Language / culture -What are they famous for? -What did they leave behind? Star Student: What do you think are the most important things about the Romans? Put a star next to two items on your spider diagram and explain why you have chosen them. Roman Britain

6. Why did the Romans come to Britain? © Word Info

7. Lead Wood Tin Wool Slaves Gold Silver Corn 1. Britain had lots of goods which the Romans wanted

8. 2. They wanted to show how powerful they were The Romans didn’t just want goods from Britain, they also wanted to invade to show how powerful they were. By conquering more and more countries and making their Empire bigger, it made Rome more powerful. The Romans also believed it was their duty to do this and make the world “civilised” like them. © HBO

9. 3. They were ambitious to control more land Invading other countries and adding to the Empire was a way to become more powerful and popular. The first invasions took place because Julius Caesar was ambitious and wanted power and glory. Claudius had just become Emperor in the 1 st Century BC and wanted to prove himself as a good leader of Rome, when his invasion took place.

10. 4. They wanted revenge! The Britons had been helping the Gauls (French) fight against the Romans. The Romans wanted to punish the Britons for this and make sure that they could no longer do this. © Italeri

11. Can you remember? What are the four reasons that the Romans invaded Britain? 1.G_________ 2.P _________ 3.A_________ 4.R_________

12. How were the Romans received? Most British Tribal Chiefs surrendered without a fight. But… British Chieftain Caratacus fought two battles trying to stop the Romans, but was defeated. He was captured, taken back to Rome and paraded through the streets in chains. The British queen, Boudicca, rebelled in AD60, but was defeated at the Battle of Watling Street. The Romans invaded Wales in AD60 but they could not conquer Scotland!! Andrew Birrell

13. What did they contribute to society? The Roman soldiers started to leave Britain in around the 5 th century AD. However… The names of the months and the names of the planets. The laws of many European countries are based on Roman Law. Christianity is the dominant religion in Europe because the Romans made it the religion of their Empire. We still use Roman numerals, I, II, III, IV etc, on clocks, buildings etc. The Romans invented concrete which is still used in buildings today. Many Roman roads, buildings and aqueducts still survive to this day. The Roman soldiers started to leave Britain in around the 5 th century AD. However… The names of the months and the names of the planets. The laws of many European countries are based on Roman Law. Christianity is the dominant religion in Europe because the Romans made it the religion of their Empire. We still use Roman numerals, I, II, III, IV etc, on clocks, buildings etc. The Romans invented concrete which is still used in buildings today. Many Roman roads, buildings and aqueducts still survive to this day.

14. Task 2: Roman people Focus on three diverse resident of Roman Britain and do a hot seating activity. Write down 3 things you have learnt about your teams ’ chosen character or one of the others Star Student: Write down a few sentences directly comparing two of the characters you have discussed, what are the similarities and differences?

15. Resident 1: The Ivory Bangle Lady of York Facts: Skeleton of inhabitant of Roman York from 4th century AD (found in 1901 but re- examined in 2010) Her wealth proven by what she was buried with in her stone sarcophagus: ivory jewellery (a bangle), a mirror, and a blue glass perfume jar Isotope research suggests 20% of skeletons uncovered a century ago from this period were long-distance migrants She was healthy - between 18 and 23, it is not known how she died Her wealth contradicts assumptions that most migrants in Roman Britain were poor or slaves © Yorkshire Museum

16. Resident 2: Genialis the Roman cavalryman from the Netherlands Facts: We learn about Genialis from his tombstone that was found in Corinium (now called Cirencester - between Oxford and Wales) Genialis died around AD60 - before Corinium was a town He could have been one of the first Roman invaders On his tombstone he can be seen on horseback killing a naked barbarian The inscription (text) tells us his full name: Sextus Valerius Genialis. Also that he served in a regiment from Thrace (now Bulgaria) but was born in Frisland (now the Netherlands) He was 40 when he died and served in the army for 20 years There is a typo on the grave! They spelt ‘ Thracian ’ wrong... © Cotswold District Council

17. Resident 3: The tombstone made by Barathes of Palymra (Syria) for his British wife Facts: A man called Barathes came to Britain from Palmyra (now in Syria) and made his living selling flags. We know this from his tombstone at Corbridge He died aged 68 We know about Barathes' wife Regina because her tombstone was found at South Shields Her grave tells us that Regina was British and had once been Barathes' slave. She came from a Celtic tribe in the south of England and may have been sold into slavery by her family They got married near Hadrian ’ s Wall (the wall that separated what is now England from Scotland) Under the Latin inscription on her tombstone you can see script used in Palmyra - where Barathes was from © Tyne & Wear Archives & Museum

18. Plenary: True / False Game! Can you tell whether the statements below are true or false? -One reason the Romans invaded Britain was in order to get goods like Silver, Tin and Wool -ALL British leaders fought and resisted the Roman invasion -The Romans who moved to Britain were all from Rome/Italy -Migrants in Roman Britain were all poor or slaves -Many of the important Roman roads are still used today -One reason the Romans invaded Britain was in order to get goods like Silver, Tin and Wool -ALL British leaders fought and resisted the Roman invasion -The Romans who moved to Britain were all from Rome/Italy -Migrants in Roman Britain were all poor or slaves -Many of the important Roman roads are still used today

19. Answers: True/False Game Could you tell whether the statements below are true or false? -One reason the Romans invaded Britain was in order to get at the goods like Silver, Tin and Wool. -ALL British leaders fought and resisted the Roman invasion. -The Romans who moved to Britain were all from Rome/Italy. -Migrants in Roman Britain were all poor or slaves. -Many of the important Roman roads are still used today. -One reason the Romans invaded Britain was in order to get at the goods like Silver, Tin and Wool. -ALL British leaders fought and resisted the Roman invasion. -The Romans who moved to Britain were all from Rome/Italy. -Migrants in Roman Britain were all poor or slaves. -Many of the important Roman roads are still used today.