1. Eidgenössisches Departement für Umwelt, Verkehr, Energie und Kommunikation UVEK Bundesamt für Umwelt BAFU Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data Switzerland EEA Copenhagen, May 19th, 2010 Abteilung Gefahrenprävention

2. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Protection of human beings against natural hazards What can we do? How can we evaluate success? Measures scales Data needed BASIC PRINCIPLE Who needs What For What Purpose In Which Format Need for Action information system Databases and Tools e.g. event documentation StorMe

3. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Objective Protection of human beings against natural hazards

4. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Objective Protection of human beings against natural hazards Floods Landslides Rock falls Avalanches Earthquakes Forest Fire Storm / Hail

5. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Objective Protection of human beings against natural hazards Floods Landslides Rock falls Avalanches Earthquakes Forest Fire Storm / Hail

6. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Protection of human beings against natural hazards „logical scheme for success“ - which are the influencing factors, - where can we play a role, - how can we check our success? --> indicators

7. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Protection of human beings against natural hazards „logical scheme for success“ - influencing factors, - indicators Measures spatial planning organisational meas. emergency planning hazard awareness technical meas.

8. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Protection of human beings against natural hazards „logical scheme for success“ - influencing factors, - indicators Measures spatial planning organisational meas. emergency planning hazard awareness technical meas. Federation: strategic & financial planning different scales responsibilities stakeholders

9. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Protection of human beings against natural hazards „logical scheme for success“ - influencing factors, - indicators Measures spatial planning organisational meas. emergency planning hazard awareness technical meas. Federation: strategic & financial planning scales responsibilities stakeholders Data needed

10. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Protection of human beings against natural hazards „logical scheme for success“ - influencing factors, - indicators Measures spatial planning organisational meas. emergency planning hazard awareness technical meas. Federation: strategic & financial planning scales responsibilities stakeholders Data needed BASIC PRINCIPLE Who needs What For which Purpose In which Format Questions ALL Stakeholders

11. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Protection of human beings against natural hazards „logical scheme for success“ - influencing factors, - indicators Measures spatial planning organisational meas. emergency planning hazard awareness technical meas. Federation: strategic & financial planning scales responsibilities stakeholders Data needed BASIC PRINCIPLE Who needs What For which Purpose In which Format Questions new legislation about geoinformation: harmonization data accessible for the public existing databases and tools improvement or new Need for Action

12. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Protection of human beings against natural hazards „logical scheme for success“ - influencing factors, - indicators Measures spatial planning organisational meas. emergency planning hazard awareness technical meas. Federation: strategic & financial planning scales responsibilities stakeholders Data needed BASIC PRINCIPLE Who needs What For which Purpose In which Format Questions legislation about geoinformation: harmonization data accessible for the public existing databases and tools Need for Action conceptual data modelling: extract (harmonization):. semantic. content ? new information system on natural hazards

13. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Protection of human beings against natural hazards „logical scheme for success“ - influencing factors, - indicators Measures spatial planning organisational meas. emergency planning hazard awareness technical meas. Federation: strategic & financial planning scales responsibilities stakeholders Data needed BASIC PRINCIPLE Who needs What For which Purpose In which Format Questions legislation about geoinformation: harmonization data accessible for the public existing databases and tools Need for Action conceptual data modelling information system on natural hazards Data Users: federation cantons communes insurances public... Databases and Tools: Event data base (StorMe) Damages ?? Hazard mapping Protective structures (ProtectMe) Damage Potential (?)  cost-benefit (EconoMe) Protective Forests...

14. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Protection of human beings against natural hazards „logical scheme for success“ - influencing factors, - indicators Measures scales Data needed BASIC PRINCIPLE Who needs What For which Purpose In which Format Need for Action conceptual data modelling information system on natural hazards Data Users Databases and Tools e.g. event documentation StorMe

15. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf inventory of events StorMe Process, date and time, area affected, damage inventory of events StorMe Process, date and time, area affected, damage inventory of protective structures ProtectMe kind, type, dimension, year of erection, location, costs, state, maintenance  need for renewal, overview security infrastructure inventory of protective structures ProtectMe kind, type, dimension, year of erection, location, costs, state, maintenance  need for renewal, overview security infrastructure Hazard index map process, pot. area affected for extreme event Hazard index map process, pot. area affected for extreme event Hazard Map / Magnitude Map process, probability, magnitude, area affected, techn. report Hazard Map / Magnitude Map process, probability, magnitude, area affected, techn. report further fundamental data AquaProtect, SilvaProtect, river cross sections, … further fundamental data AquaProtect, SilvaProtect, river cross sections, … protection deficit map safety objective – safety level = safety deficit protection deficit map safety objective – safety level = safety deficit concepts and measures planning, biological, technical, organisational concepts and measures planning, biological, technical, organisational damage potential object categories, standard values single objects, insurance value damage potential object categories, standard values single objects, insurance value dealing with residual risk emergency planning, warning, alerting, intervention, insurance dealing with residual risk emergency planning, warning, alerting, intervention, insurance land use “Arealstatistik”, population poll land use plans land use “Arealstatistik”, population poll land use plans risk standardised (EconoMe) detailed (MobiGIS) risk standardised (EconoMe) detailed (MobiGIS) local level StorMe: part of a integral information system about natural hazards

16. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Information System on Natural Hazards Data of national interest evaluations, data aggregation, analyses, overlay with further data, … where are the largest risks? → administration, insurance what is the state of the safety infrastructure? → politicians … commune canton federation local national is my house endangered? → private people, economy, insurance, …

17. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf success indicators controlling network of environmental observation Switzerland geospatial data Switzerland Time (development) Information System on Natural Hazards national European Environmental Agency WISE … international

18. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Inventory of natural events: StorMe systematic event data from 1972 on 1987 large natural events 1991 new federal legislation on hydraulic structures and forestry: obligation of the cantons to establish data base on natural events and hazard maps 1994-1996 building up of StorMe (database on natural events) by federation and cantons today: 18 cantons make use of StorMe; 8 cantons have their own solutions survey by cantonal forestry workers during or shortly after the event (some cantons have courses/guidelines) quality control by cantonal experts (responsibility) no threshold for survey > 20’000 entries in central database (direct access for cantons)

19. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf observations per year (7 cantons no entries) process yearavalancherock fall flood/ debris flowlandslidetotal 1998272413113861010 1999563601961861005 20005582296044061797 200131167216169583 20023292548055761964 200349721690012142827 200423528412915782388 20055482289138972586 2006197237111317623309 200713932313208542636 20081261815383191164 total349522208207734721269

20. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf What is StorMe used for? standardized documentation of past events Hazard mapping (retrospective: potential endangered areas; frequency of events) Model validation Proof of potential danger Awareness of population (risk communication) controlling of effectiveness (hazard maps, planning technical, organisational measures) emergency planning

21. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Concept of StorMe only simple export functions no GIS-functionalities no web-interface Data Owner: Cantons Coordination: FOEN survey forms 2 x/y coordinate pairs no polygons cantonal experts FOEN & research institutes only read consultant companies (with mandate)

22. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf surveying forms of StorMe no threshold for events forms: basic data (incl. damage data) 2 coordinate pairs time and duration of event meteorological conditions fatalities people, buildings, infrastructure affected direct losses (rough estimates) --> problem process specific part (many details --> problem) mapping (hand) MAXO-Code (uncertainty): M = measured, certain A = assumption, estimate X = not clear, still to be surveyed O = cannot be determined

23. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf StorMe forms

24. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf StorMe forms

25. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Strengths wide acceptance comprises „all“ natural hazard types (avalanches, rock fall, landslides, debris flow, floods) standardized data collection → data comparability federal government has access to data → facilitates analysis

26. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Weaknesses not all cantons use this system → no national overview possible surveying forms are too extended → data survey and collection has gaps no standardized evaluation tools (WMS, WFS, others) no GIS-functionalities ! --> no cartographic visualisation of effected areas ! no photographs no additional documents, etc.

27. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Redesign StorMe rethinking of content → Who needs what for what purpose? event documentation  event analysis? include GIS-functionalities (WMS, WFS) implement standardized evaluation tools Visualisation important for improved risk perception / encouragement of self-preparedness and prevention Organisational questions: Who surveys what, when, how (data collection/ -storage/ -evaluation) define role of federation, cantons, communs, private companies benefit for data users AND owners

28. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Examples / Collaboration with other countries Austria Bavaria Province Alto Adige (Italy) Workshop INTERPRAEVENT Vienna, April 2010

29. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Results of Questionnaire Usage and Needs cantonal administration usage for hazard evaluation, spatial planning, building codes, statistical analysis, need for photos, drawings (and further information material)

30. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Results of Questionnaire Data mining mostly by cantonal administration, sometimes supported by private companies only once in the field sources for retrospective survey people (testimonies)17 archives19 journals16 Police8 firemen12 civil protection8 others2

31. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Results of Questionnaire Forms separation in general part (basic data) und specific part (processes) makes sense MAXO-Code (uncertainty boxes): basic principle is necessary Delineation/Separation of nearby events as a problem

32. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Results of Questionnaire Handling of StorMe-Database Missing functionalities: Import/Export, integration of GIS, digital survey by external computers, queries und search functions, evaluation tool, map services it should be maintained: basic data, most important fields of the form, memo fields, MAXO-Code

33. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Integration of many other existing data bases floods, landslides, rock falls in Switzerland based on media articles (WSL) floods „Röthlisberger“ (WSL) Euro-ClimHist: histor. natural disasters (Pfister) damage causing avalanches (SLF) Glacier Hazards (Uni ZH) SBB, ASTRA … permafrost- related rock falls (PERMOS) past natural events inventory StorMe (old) damage data (insurance, others) others … Inventory dangerous glaciers (VAW)

34. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Further Databases Euro-ClimHist: historical database: natural disasters (Prof. Pfister, Univ. Berne): long past history, less detailed, additional information Database with newspaper articles as source (ca. 20’000 entries) “Damage data” (public and private insurance companies, owners from protective structures and infrastructures etc.) --> still to be collected

35. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Key questions What data do we need for which purpose? (different stakeholders have different needs) Which data sources should be used / integrated? Which processes should be surveyed in future? (hail, forest fire, glacier outburst,...) Is simultaneous survey of events (processes) and damages the right approach??

36. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf Data fluxes: the entire system (chain) must be considered natural event data collection (forms/database) data storage data disseminationdata analysis observation in the field

37. Expert Meeting on hazard and disaster data - Switzerland May 19th, 2010 – EEA CopenhagenWolfgang Ruf