1. BENE meeting March 17, 2005 R. Garoby PROTON DRIVER ACTIVITIES AT CERN HIP WG and SPSC (Villars) recommendations Next Steps Progress of Linac developments Status of external contributions Planning:  Events in 2005 – Joint workshop with H3 & BENE  Global planning

2. 17/03/2005R.G.2 HIP WORKING GROUP AND SPSC (VILLARS) RECOMMENDATIONS

3. 17/03/2005R.G.3 HIP WG: long term alternatives Present accelerator Replacement accelerator Improvement INTEREST FOR LHC upgrade physics beyond CNGS RIB beyond ISOLDE Physics with k and  Linac2Linac4 50  160 MeV H +  H - +0 (if alone) PSB 2.2 GeV RCS* for HEP 1.4  2.2 GeV 10  250 kW +0 (if alone)+ 2.2 GeV/mMW RCS* 1.4  2.2 GeV 0.01  4 MW + ++ (super-beam,  -beam ?, factory) + (too short beam pulse) 0 (if alone) 2.2 GeV/50 Hz SPL* 1.4  2.2 GeV 0.01  4 MW + +++ (super-beam,  -beam, factory) +++0 (if alone) PS SC PS*/** for HEP 26  50 GeV Intensity x 2 ++0 (if alone)0+ 5 Hz RCS*/** 26  50 GeV 0.1  4 MW ++ ( factory) 0+++ SPS1 TeV SC SPS*/** 0.45  1 TeV Intensity x  2 +++?0 * with brightness x2** need new injector(s)

4. 17/03/2005R.G.4 SPSC Recommendations (p.62) ● ν physics has noble history at CERN ● ν physics is in a new golden era - CERN beginning again pivotal global role ● CNGS commitment to ~ end of decade vital - 2006 important: COMPASS then CNGS @ end 06 - CNGS crucial up to 2011 (window @ 4.5x10 19 pot/yr) - CNGS + COMPASS ? multi-turn xtraction longer running period - no compelling case for extending CNGS beyond 2011 @ realisable pot/yr (< ~ 3x 4.5x10 19 pot/yr)

5. 17/03/2005R.G.5 ● Future neutrino facilities offer great promise for fundamental discoveries (such as CP violation) in neutrino physics, and a post-LHC construction window may exist for a facility to be sited at CERN. ● CERN should arrange a budget and personnel to enhance its participation in further developing the physics case and the technologies necessary for the realization of such facilities. This would allow CERN to play a significant role in such projects wherever they are sited. ● A high-power proton driver is a main building block of future projects, and is therefore required. ● A direct superbeam from a 2.2 GeV SPL does not appear to be the most attractive option for a future CERN neutrino experiment as it does not produce a significant advance on T2K. ● We welcome the effort, partly funded by the EU, concerned with the conceptual design of a β-beam. At the same time CERN should support the European neutrino factory initiative in its conceptual design. SPSC Recommendations (p.63)

6. 17/03/2005R.G.6 ● fixed target physics at CERN - > 2011: physics must be vibrant, important, leading ion+ion ≥ 2009 (synergy with LHC) rare flavour ≥ 2009 (synergy with LHC) fundamental physics with p atoms hadron structure: GPDs dynamics: low energy, resonance ν physics: evaluation & R&D @ CERN p-driver  superbeam  detector global context  NF All but HI benefit from/require high intensity RCPSB RCPS … - … if appropriate ? synergies with other science? SPL? SPSC Recommendations (p.95)

7. 17/03/2005R.G.7 NEXT STEPS

8. 17/03/2005R.G.8 Implications of SPSC Villars’s recommendations for the AB department are being sent to the Research Board Special INTC meeting (Villars – Oct. 2005)  new set of recommendations Creation of an accelerator team to elaborate scenarios Accelerator studies in the frame of:  CARE [EU supported Integrated Activity: “Coordinated Accelerator Research in Europe” including networks (BENE: “Beams for European Neutrino Experiments”, H3: “High energy, High intensity, High brightness” accelerators) and the Joint Research Activity HIPPI: “High Intensity Pulsed Proton Injectors”]  LHC upgrade studies  EURISOL Design Study [EU supported]

9. 17/03/2005R.G.9 Personal comments In the short/medium term (~ 2010): shortage of proton beams for the approved users (worse if their expected upgrades are taken into account…) and risk with beam loss / hardware activation  Need for:  implementing improvements as soon as possible  arbitration between users… In the long term = Future of proton accelerators at CERN  LHC will operate until ~ 2020  Consolidation + LHC upgrade  LHC will always be a part-time user of the injector complex  Other physics programmes can be covered if they are compatible with LHC needs. On top of value for science, synergy will be an important parameter.

10. 17/03/2005R.G.10 PROGRESS OF LINAC DEVELOPMENTS

11. 17/03/2005R.G.11 Three stages are planned: Stage 1: 3 MeV test place  development and test of linac equipment, beam characterization Stages Stage 2: Linac4  New linac replacing the present injector of the PS Booster (Linac2)  Front-end of the future SPL  improvement of the beams for physics (higher performance and easier operation for LHC, ISOLDE etc.) Stage 3: SPL  New injector for the PS, replacing the PS Booster  New physics experiments using a high proton flux  improvement of the beams for physics and possibility of new experiments

12. 17/03/2005R.G.12 In construction. To be operational in 2007. (RFQ from France,3 MeV chopping line from CERN). The 3 MeV test stand will become the front- end of Linac4 and SPL Stage 1: 3 MeV test place

13. 17/03/2005R.G.13 REQUEST + “warning” of additional needs for: H- source (mid-2005) full equipment of Alvarez tank 1 with PMQs (end 2005)

14. 17/03/2005R.G.14 160 MeV Normal-Conducting linac to be built during 2007-2010. New injector for the CERN booster synchrotron, to improve the beam delivered to the LHC, ease operation, reach the ultimate luminosity, and increase the flux to ISOLDE. Linac4 (~90m) will be located in an existing experimental hall and will re-use LEP RF equipment (klystrons etc.). Stage 2: Linac4

15. 17/03/2005R.G.15  4 MW beam power to an RIB and/or a neutrino facility via an accumulator.  high-brightness low-power beam to the LHC via the PS & SPS synchrotrons. Stage 3: SPL Ion speciesH-H- Kinetic energy3.5GeV Mean current during the pulse 30mA Mean beam power4MW Pulse repetition rate50Hz Pulse duration0.76ms Bunch frequency352.2MHz Duty cycle during the pulse62 (5/8)% rms transverse emittances0.4  mm mrad Longitudinal rms emittance0.3  deg MeV

16. 17/03/2005R.G.16 IPHI-CERN COLLABORATION (MEETING January 27 & 28 @ CERN)

17. 17/03/2005R.G.17 Agenda & Participants

18. 17/03/2005R.G.18 RFQ construction planning

19. 17/03/2005R.G.19 Main outcome All talks are on EDMS (document number 554659 ) Planning is tight. Feasible but no margin for drift. Apart from the RFQ, construction of equipment and installation of the test place in Saclay are progressing satisfyingly. On the CERN side, preparation of hardware is advancing, although with delay due to priority of LHC in the workshop. Great hopes on the solid-state chopper driver and BSHM. RFQ construction is on the critical path. CERN brazing workshop will have to braze all sections within 9 months ! First section to be brazed in the middle of March. Vacuum testing of the existing RFQ section shows weaknesses. Will be repeated in a joint effort bewteen CERN & IN2P3 specialists. Crucial for deciding upon its acceptance at CERN… Next meeting will be organized by IPNO in September/October. Main item will be the progress with RFQ construction.

20. 17/03/2005R.G.20 ISTC PROJECTS

21. 17/03/2005R.G.21 ISTC project #2875 BINP (Novosibirsk) + VNIITF (Snezinsk)  Development of the technological basis for serial production of CCDTL structures in the energy range of 40-100 MeV for the SPL project.  Feasibility study of effective application of normal conducting SCL structures up to the energy of 150-180 MeV.  Cost: k$ 550  Approval: October 2003  Prototype of CCDTL structure to be delivered at CERN for high power testing at end 2006.  Technological model of SCL structure to be tested in 2006.

22. 17/03/2005R.G.22 ITEP (Moscow) + VNIIEF (Sarov)  Development of the technological basis for construction of Alvarez- type accelerating structures for the room-temperature part of the CERN SPL project. ISTC project #2888  Cost: k$ 650  Approval date: February 2005  Prototype of DTL structure to be delivered at CERN for high power testing by the end of 2006.  One drift tube complete with Permanent Magnet Quadrupole (PMQ) included in DTL prototype. Alvarez tank PMQ

23. 17/03/2005R.G.23 IHEP (Protvino) + VNIIEF (Sarov)  Design and manufacture of DTL-RFQ focusing and accelerating structure prototype for a 3-40 MeV H- linac of the SPL project  Cost: k$ 650  Approval date: February 2005  Prototype of RFQ-DTL structure to be delivered at CERN for high power by the end of 2006. ISTC project #2889

24. 17/03/2005R.G.24 EURISOL DESIGN STUDY (Meeting February 3, Orsay)

25. 17/03/2005R.G.25 Coordination Board

26. 17/03/2005R.G.26 Main outcome Description  “Engineering oriented study”.  Total cost: 32 MEuros + 490 m.y  EC contribution: 9.16 MEuros + 113 m.y  12 Work Packages  20 participants  Starting date: 1/02/2005 – Duration: 4 years Technical goals (main):  CW driver for proton + ions up to q/E0 = 1/3  Targets (Direct & Fission) development  Radio-protection  Beta-beam (up to 100 MeV/u) Relevance for us:  Overlap on proton driver developments (HIPPI = pulsed!)  Welcome contribution to work on targets & beta beams  Need for close connection (crossed participation in events) to avoid duplication and share benefits of developments

27. 17/03/2005R.G.27 LINAC PLANNING

28. 17/03/2005R.G.28 Events in 2005

29. 17/03/2005R.G.29 CERN DG’s talk to the staff on 10/01/2005 (1) The following strategic orientations are proposed for CERN activities in 2004-2010: 1.to keep the utmost priority for the completion of the LHC project, and strive for a start of operations in the summer of 2007; 2.to fulfil commitments previously made by CERN: CNGS, EGEE; 3.after an in-depth risk analysis review, to mitigate the consequences of failure of old equipment that is necessary for reliable LHC operation. i.e. Consolidation; 4.along the conclusions of SPSC Villars meeting, to prepare for 2006 and beyond a few new fixed target experiments, highly praised for their new physics potential outputs; 5.in line with the new policy by the European Commission for structuring the European Research Area, by promoting the coordination of laboratories in matters of R&D and new infrastructure (FP6 – CARE programme), to launch in the period 2004-2006 different studies in cooperation with other laboratories;

30. 17/03/2005R.G.30 Their primary goal would be:  to develop detailed technical solutions for a future LHC luminosity upgrade to be commissioned around 2012-2015; Definition of the Linac4 (160 MeV-H-), in relation with the European Programme for a High Intensity Pulsed Proton Injector (HIPPI) Definition of modifications to the magnets in the interaction regions at two crossing points of the LHC beams, linked with the European programme Next European Dipole (NED), aiming at 15 Tesla Definition of new trackers for the upgrade of the ATLAS and CMS detectors, to withstand a factor 10 higher luminosity.  to keep in touch with other design studies launched in Europe, of EURISOL and neutrino factories; CERN DG’s talk to the staff on 10/01/2005 (2)

31. 17/03/2005R.G.31 Milestones … 7.in 2006-2007, to decide on the implementation of the Linac 4 and any increased R&D programme, depending on new funds made available and on a new HR policy; 8.in 2009-2010, to review and redefine the strategy for CERN activities in the next decade 2011-2020 in the light of the first results from LHC and of progress and results from the previous actions. The possible choices are at present quite open. The future role of CERN will depend on these choices and their effective funding; CERN DG’s talk to the staff on 10/01/2005 (3)

32. 17/03/2005R.G.32 3 MeV test place ready Linac4 approval SPL approval RF tests in SM 18 of prototype structures* for Linac4 CDR 2 Global planning