1. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 Participation of NIPNE-Bucharest in SPIRAL2 Project

2. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 I. A system for Beam Losses Measurements (BLM) based on neutron and gamma detection II. Estimation of secondary beams intensities obtained using fusion-evaporation reactions induced by high intensity heavy-ion primary beams III. Development of 1+ ion-source IV. Secondary beam lines V. Physics and instrumentation for physics

3. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 I. A system for Beam Losses Measurements (BLM) based on neutron and gamma detection Why? ➢ to avoid quenching of superconducting cavities ➢ to maintain prompt radiation level bellow given limits ➢ to diminish activation and protect accelerator components ➢ to help tunning/optimizing the beam It must provide: - the intensities of beam losses - the positions where the losses occur - a fast signal if the limit(s) is(are) overpassed The limits are: - at ion-source, LEBT, RFQ, MEBT: several % - 1 W /m (or per cavity) along LINAC - at HEBT: ?

4. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 Ion source: d+d reaction (reaction on deuterons previously implanted) (+LEBT) produces ~2MeV neutrons E d < ~5 MeV:  d+d reactions rather improbable (RFQ, MEBT,  reactions on Cu, Nb, Fe below threshold first cavities)  (low Z elements, e.g. Li ?) Higher energies: Double differential neutron yield on C, Cu and Pb at 33 MeV deuteron incident energy from PRC29(1984)1307 Total neutron yield on Be and Cu [NIM 96(1971)581] Gamma and neutron generation by beam losses

5. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 Counting Rates Simulation are based on: - exp. data d (33 MeV) on Cu; - dimension of detector 1x1x1 cm3 - threshold on generated light in det.: 100 eeKeV

6. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 Absorbed Doses

7. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 Up-down ratio of counting rates  transversal information on beam losses

8. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 Efficiencies and background

9. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 Efficiencies and radiation hardness

10. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 X-ray background 20 µSv/h 140 µSv/h 50 µSv/h 1760 µSv/h 780 µSv/h

11. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 BLM - options 1. Ion-source: neutrons for d+d reactions measured by 3He-counters 2. HEBT: if higher losses are allowed, then gas detectors 3. Linac: a) a chain of plastic scintillators placed one each meter (sc-cavity), parallel with Linac at about 1.5 m from beam line can give: - resolution in position of loss at level of 0.5 m - counting rates of 5x10 3 at 33 MeV, 1 W (for 10 3 cm 3 detection volume) - direct relation to extract intensity of losses b) A chain at 0.3 m from beam line, one detector near each sc-cavity and each diagnostic box: - counting rates 25 larger - better resolution in position - intensity of loss is deduced from counting rates of several (3) detectors Main problems are at the level RFQ and first cavities of LINAC

12. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 Important question for establishing the size detectors (counting rates): How much fast the response have to be ? If counting rates is 10 4 /s for 1 W  10 counts / millisecond => o standard deviation = 3 counts / ms So, if we have to put the threshold at 6 standard deviations (30 counts/ms) then response time is ~millisecond for losses > 3 W For a loss of ~ 1.6 W response time is ~ 10 ms. For a loss of ~ 1.06 W response time is ~ 1000 ms

13. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 γ

14. II. Estimation of secondary beams intensities obtained using fusion-evaporation reactions Existent codes: 1. Fusion-evaporation codes using Monte Carlo method (PACE, LILITA): - can give cross sections and energy-angle distributions - time consuming (especially for exotic nuclei) 2. Fusion-evaporation codes using calculation of population of spin-excit.energy matrix - can give cross section but not distributions 3. Monte Carlo made by L.Penescu to determine in target production at efficiency of stopper Sortie faisceau radioactif Stoppeur résidu I s =   N cible I Intensity of secondary beam:

15. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 Proposal: To link the codes such as from a minimal input: - projectile: A, Z (and incident position distribution) - target: A, Z, density (and melting point) - residual nucleus of interest: A, Z - entrance window, stopper: A, Z, density to get: i) excitation function and therefrom the incident energy, target thickness (and maxim current) then input the geometry, call fus.-evap. MC-codes, pass distributions to MC-codes of L.Penescu and get: ii) percentage of nuclei stopped in target, window and stopper

16. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 III. Development of 1+ ion-source Part of the IRENA ion- source under development at IPN-Orsay NIPNE-Bucharest contribution within T4 /EURISOL: ● design and realize two new version: i) with a thiner cathode and ii) with an oxidate cathode and other improuvement to reduce the displacement due to dilation ● participation in tests at IPN-Orsay

17. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 Proposal: * participation in design, construction and tests of the the version of IRENA ion-source adapted for SPIRAL2 * possible participation in development in ECR 1+ ion-source for secondary beams

18. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 IV. Secondary beam lines Ing. Gheorghe Mateescu presents the experience of NIPNE with Romanian fabricants of equipments for beam lines (mechanical components, electromagnetic elements, etc.) A list of fabricant and components produced in Romania can be provided to SPIRAL2 management to be considered when the invitations to tender will be launched.

19. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 I. A system for Beam Losses Measurements (BLM) based on neutron and gamma detection II. Estimation of secondary beams intensities obtained using fusion-evaporation reactions induced by high intensity heavy-ion primary beams III. Development of 1+ ion-source IV. Secondary beam lines V. Physics and instrumentation for physics

20. F. Negoita, negoita@ifin.nipne.ro Bucuresti, 28 Feb. 2006 gamma-CE spectroscopy in beam (AGATA), in beta-decay, isomers reaction studies: break-up neutron detection: beta-delay neutron spectroscopy, reaction studies V. Physics and instrumentation for physics Nuclear Structure Nuclear astrophysics Nuclear interaction and hadronic matter INDRA, FAZIA Nuclear Data ?