1. Lesson 4 Alexander the Great
Unit 6 Ancient Greece
Lesson 4 Alexander the Great

2. Alexander’s Conquests
Two years after Alexander became king of Macedonia, he invaded the Persian Empire
During battle, Alexander’s soldiers were outnumbered by the Persians. Alexander told his troops to keep fighting.
The Persians were terrified and retreated. Alexander won.

3. Alexander’s Conquests
Alexander then turned south to conquer Syria and Phoenicia. He invaded and conquered Egypt and was crowned as pharaoh.

4. A Great Empire
Alexander’s army defeated the Persians and began to head to India.
They encountered monsoons and were too exhausted to continue to travel (they had been traveling and fighting for 5 years!)
Alexander marched his army back to Greece, but he died at the age of 33 before he made it back.

5. A Great Empire
Alexander’s rule lasted about 13 years. He created a vast (large) empire in Europe, Asia, and Africa.
He founded many new cities.
He spread Greek culture and also adopted many Asian ways.
The blending of Greek and Asian cultures is called the Hellenistic Age.

6. The Hellenistic Age
Three of Alexander’s generals divided his land after he died
Hellenistic culture spread over a large part of Europe, northern Africa, and western Asia.
Trade grew between Hellenistic cities and far-off parts of the world:
Spices and perfumes from India
Silk from China
Ivory and gold from Africa

7. The Hellenistic Age
Alexandria was one of the cities in Egypt founded by Alexander the Great. It became the greatest center of trade and learning. Its population had more than a million people (Egyptians, Greeks, Persians, and Sudanese). It had the busiest harbor in the ancient world. The library in Alexandria was one of the greatest in the world. The lighthouse at Alexandria was the first known lighthouse.

8. Discovery and Invention
Greek science and mathematics reached their peaks:
Hippocrates- “father of medicine”- a doctor who looked for natural causes of diseases.
Archimedes- the most famous inventor of this time and an important mathematician.
Pythagoras- created important theories about numbers and music. Started a school that led to the development of geometry.
Euclid- most important mathematician. Worked out the system of plane geometry (still studied today!),

9. Lesson 4 Review
Alexander the Great became king of Macedonia after his father died.
Alexander conquered many lands and created an empire.
The Hellenistic Age is the combining of ideas from Greece and Asia.
Many advancements in mathematics and science occurred during the Hellenistic Age

10. STUDY FOR YOUR TEST!!! Vocabulary: Agora Plunder Aristocracy Democracy
Myth
Plague
Immortal
Mercenary
Philosopher
Reason

11. STUDY FOR YOUR TEST!!! People and Terms: Crete Mediterranean Sea
Sparta
Homer
Pericles
Alexandria
Delian League
Golden Age
Philosophers & Mathematicians/Doctors

12. STUDY FOR YOUR TEST!!!
What responsibilities did the people of Athens have?
What city did Alexander the Great found in Egypt?
How did the geography of Greece affect the way Greek society developed?
Describe the differences between Athens and Sparta.
Who were some of the great philosophers of Athens during its Golden Age?
What effect did Alexander the Great have on Greek culture?