1. The Columbia Plateau: A Land of Many Floods Olivia Miller & Morgan Rosenberg

2. http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/ColumbiaPlateau/Maps/map_columbia_plateau.html Miocene -Pliocene (17-6 Ma) 174,000 km 3 basalt 300+ flows 1.8 km thick

3. http://geomaps.wr.usgs.gov/pa rks/province/ColumbiaRelief.j pg http://earthweb.ess.washingto n.edu/EPIC/Geologic/Missoul a/thumbnails/http://earthweb.ess.washingto n.edu/EPIC/Geologic/Missoul a/thumbnails/46.EP_0187_DR _MF_46.jpg http://www.cr.nps.gov/histor y/online_books/geology/publ ications/inf/72-2/sec5.htm Dry Falls http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/Washington/Maps/geologic_map_washington_state.html

4. Crust & Lithosphere Properties Columbia Arc (Blue Mtns.) divides the Columbia Plateau into regions of lower elevation to the north and higher elevation to the south Crustal thickness: Within Plateau: ~ 25 km Around arc/ borders: to 30 km P-wave velocity: 8.1 km/s beneath plateau N of arc 7.8 – 8 km/s S of arc Heat flow high relative to avg. continental crust, but central portion of plateau has region of low heat flow relative to surrounding regions (< 1.5 heat flow units) Crustal Density using Gardner’s Relationship (ρ =.23 V p.25 ) N of arc: 2.94 g/cm 3 S of arc: 2.91 g/cm 3

5. http://vulcan.wr.usgs.gov/Volcanoes/PacificN W/AGU-T106/CRBG_stratigraphic.html Fossil soil layer Erosional unconformities