1. Real-Time Simulation of 3-Level STATCOM With 72 Switches Topology OPAL-RT TECHNOLOGIES Montreal, Quebec, Canada www.OPAL-RT.com EMS Rev. 001, October 20, 2008

2. Contents  Test Objective  Model Description  Simulation Speed Performance  Simulation Results Cross- Validation  Conclusions

3. Test Objective  To evaluate the capacity of RT-LAB to real-time simulate the 3-Level STATCOM with 168 switches topology and verify the simulation accuracy

4. Model Description  a 3-level STATCOM with 72 switches for the purpose of bus voltage stabilization A simplified STATCOM schematic (72-switch) *extracted from ‘ Operating performance of the STATCOM in the Kanzaki substation ’, Cigre 2005, by H. Yonezawa, et al.

5. Simulation Speed Performance  Offline simulation performance*. *Test results are based on a computer of Intel Pentium ® 4 CPU 3.4GHz, 960 MB of RAM. Simulation platform Time Step Simulation time Wall clock time Time factor (Wall clock time/ simulation time) Reference Model EMTP/RV3s3s1 s542.1 s542.1 Reference Model EMTP/RV50  s1 s115.6 s115.6 Model 1 Simulink /SPS/RTlab 50us1 s6.1 s6.1 Model 2 Simulink /SPS/RTlab 50us1 s6.7 s6.7

6. Simulation Speed Performance  Real time simulation performance *. *Test results are based on a real time simulator of Intel ® Core TM 2 Quad processors, 2.3GHz, 2GB of RAM. CPU 1CPU 2CPU 3 No. of CPU Time step Minimum time step Potential minimum time factor Model 1The entire system --150us36  s0.72 Model 2 Rest of the system STATCOM groups 1 to 4 STATCOM groups 5 to 7 350us20  s0.4

7. Simulation Speed Performance  simulation speed (or computational power): the ratio of two time factors  reference model in EMTP/RV with 50 us time step is taken as the benchmark

8. Simulation Results Cross- Validation  Reference model (3us) in EMTP/RV VS. model 1(50 us) in Simulink/SPS/RTlab STATCOM voltage phase-A. (unit 10 4 V, Red for Reference model at 3us, blue for Model 1 at 50 us, and green for voltage reference).

9. Simulation Results Cross- Validation  Reference model (3us) in EMTP/RV VS. model 1(50 us) in Simulink/SPS/RTlab STATCOM current phase-A. (unit A, Red for Reference model at 3us, blue for Model 1 at 50 us).

10. Simulation Results Cross- Validation  Reference model (3us) in EMTP/RV VS. model 1(50 us) in Simulink/SPS/RTlab STATCOM dc current. (unit A, Red and blue for Reference model at 3us, green and black for Model 1 at 50 us).

11. Simulation Results Cross- Validation  Reference model (50us) in EMTP/RV VS. model 1(50 us) in Simulink/SPS/RTlab STATCOM voltage phase-A. (unit 10 4 V, Red for Reference model at 50us, blue for Model 1 at 50 us, and green for voltage reference).

12. Simulation Results Cross- Validation  Reference model (50us) in EMTP/RV VS. model 1(50 us) in Simulink/SPS/RTlab STATCOM current phase-A. (unit A, Red for Reference model at 50us, blue for Model 1 at 50 us).

13. Simulation Results Cross- Validation  Reference model (50us) in EMTP/RV VS. model 1(50 us) in Simulink/SPS/RTlab STATCOM dc current. (unit A, Red and blue for Reference model at 50us, green and black for Model 1 at 50 us).

14. Conclusions  model with 50us time step in Simulink/SPS/RTlab has very high currency (an equivalent of 3us time step in EMTP/RV model)  simulation speed in the Simulink/SPS/RTlab platform is much faster than in EMTP/RV. Around 17 times faster for offline and 200 times faster in RT simulator when at same 50us time step Or up to 1445 times faster with similar accuracy.  Minimum time steps of 36us and 20us in one and 3 cores respectively for real time simulation  the 3-level STATCOM with 168 switches topology is feasible on the RT-Lab platform