1. How to play chess? By Mervyn George

2. The Rules of the Game White always move first White always move first You should always play touch a piece move a piece You should always play touch a piece move a piece If you touch one of your pieces, you much move it if legally possible If you touch one of your pieces, you much move it if legally possible If you touch one of your opponents pieces, you must take it, if legally possible, you cannot change your mind! If you touch one of your opponents pieces, you must take it, if legally possible, you cannot change your mind!

3. Do not Rush your moves (1) If you want to win, you must work out what your opponent is trying to do You then need to stop them doing it, or have a better plan Think of a move, park it in your mind Look around the board for a better move, and if you cannot find one, do the first move you thought of

4. Do not Rush your moves (2) Your thinking time is when it is your move And when it is your opponents move? When they have moved, you should stop and think, almost like crossing the road You should ask yourself, why did they make that move, what are they trying to do?

5. Do not Rush your moves (3) Once you have worked out what they are trying to do You can then start thinking what you are going to do. Do not immediately make the move you thought about, before they made theirs’ It may not now be safe?

6. Set the board up Ensure the white square is on the right hand side Ensure the white square is on the right hand side Whites go on line one and two Whites go on line one and two The queen starts on it’s own colour The queen starts on it’s own colour Remember the king is always the tallest piece on the board Remember the king is always the tallest piece on the board

7. How many points are the pieces worth? Pawn = 1 point (P) Pawn = 1 point (P) Knight (Horse)= 3 points (KN) Knight (Horse)= 3 points (KN) Bishop= 3 points (B) Bishop= 3 points (B) Rook (Castle)= 5 points (R) Rook (Castle)= 5 points (R) Queen= 9 points (Q) Queen= 9 points (Q) King = X points (K) King = X points (K)

8. Here is how the board is laid out at the start of the game Ensure the pieces are in the correct place. RKNBQKBKNR PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP RKNBQKBKNR

9. What do the pieces look like? The Pawn The Pawn

10. The Castle or Rook

11. The Knight or Horse

12. The Bishop

13. The Queen

14. The King

15. Why do I need to know how many points the pieces are worth? If you are going to take a piece, how many points will you win? If you are going to take a piece, how many points will you win? Will you then be taken by your opponent? Will you then be taken by your opponent? Will you gain or loose points? Will you gain or loose points? If you gain points, then you have made a good move. If you gain points, then you have made a good move.

16. How much is the King worth? You are not allowed to take the King. You are not allowed to take the King. It does not have any points. It does not have any points. If you cannot stop the King being taken that is the end of the game. If you cannot stop the King being taken that is the end of the game.

17. What do you say when you attack a King? Check! Check!

18. What does Check Mean? It means that your King is about to be taken! It means that your King is about to be taken! The person you are playing must tell you when they are about the take your King! The person you are playing must tell you when they are about the take your King! Instead of saying, excuse me, I am about to take your King every time they are attacking it, which is silly, your opponent says check. Instead of saying, excuse me, I am about to take your King every time they are attacking it, which is silly, your opponent says check.

19. When Check is Called Your opponent must get out of check or loose the game Your opponent must get out of check or loose the game They must either: They must either: Take the piece which called check Take the piece which called check Put a piece in front of the King Move the King so that it is not in check Put a piece in front of the King Move the King so that it is not in check

20. What is Check Mate Check Mate is when you attack your opponents King. Check Mate is when you attack your opponents King. If they cannot get out of check, then this is known as Check Mate and you have won the game. If they cannot get out of check, then this is known as Check Mate and you have won the game.

21. How Do The Pieces Move? The Pawn can only move forward The Pawn can only move forward It can only move one space at a time, however on it’s first move it can move two squares if you wish. It can only move one space at a time, however on it’s first move it can move two squares if you wish. The Pawn can however move one square in a forward direction, to the right or left when taking an opponent. The Pawn can however move one square in a forward direction, to the right or left when taking an opponent.

22. Pawn Promotion As the Pawn goes up the board it gets stronger and stronger As the Pawn goes up the board it gets stronger and stronger If you manage to get it to the top of the board, you can replace it with what ever piece you wish If you manage to get it to the top of the board, you can replace it with what ever piece you wish People normally replace the pawn with a queen. It goes on the square the pawn was previously on People normally replace the pawn with a queen. It goes on the square the pawn was previously on You can have as many queens as you want You can have as many queens as you want

23. How the Pawn moves A pawn moves one space forward at a time A pawn moves one space forward at a time On it’s first move, it can move two spaces if you wish On it’s first move, it can move two spaces if you wish It can take an opponent by moving one square diagonally to the right or left. It can take an opponent by moving one square diagonally to the right or left. RKNBQKBKNR PPPPPPPP PPPPPPPP RKNBQKBKNR

24. How the Rook moves In straight lines In straight lines Backwards Backwards Forwards Forwards Sideways Sideways But only one way at a time But only one way at a time As many squares as you want until it meets another piece As many squares as you want until it meets another piece R

25. The Knight (Or Horse) This is the most difficult piece to move This is the most difficult piece to move It can move in any direction It can move in any direction It can jump over pieces It can jump over pieces Backwards, forwards or sideways Backwards, forwards or sideways It moves three squares; two in a straight line and then one to the right or left It moves three squares; two in a straight line and then one to the right or left It always changes it’s mind, if it starts on a black square it will end on a white square. It always changes it’s mind, if it starts on a black square it will end on a white square.

26. How the Knight moves It always changes it’s mind It always changes it’s mind If it starts on a white square it ends on a black square If it starts on a white square it ends on a black square It can jump over pieces It can jump over pieces So many choices So many choices KN

27. The Bishop This piece moves diagonally, in any direction, backwards, forwards, to the right or to the left This piece moves diagonally, in any direction, backwards, forwards, to the right or to the left The cut on it’s head helps you to see that it moves diagonally. The cut on it’s head helps you to see that it moves diagonally.

28. How the Bishop moves Diagonally Diagonally In any direction In any direction Backwards Backwards Forwards Forwards B

29. The Queen This is the most powerful piece on the board This is the most powerful piece on the board It moves like both the Castle and the Bishop, but not at the same time It moves like both the Castle and the Bishop, but not at the same time It moves backwards, forwards, sideways and diagonally. It moves backwards, forwards, sideways and diagonally.

30. How the Queen moves In a straight line like the Rook In a straight line like the Rook Or diagonally like the Bishop Or diagonally like the Bishop But not at the same time But not at the same time Q

31. How the King moves One square at a time One square at a time In any direction In any direction If possible, always try and keep it on the back line where it can be defended easier at the start of the game If possible, always try and keep it on the back line where it can be defended easier at the start of the game K

32. Controlling the centre of the board You Rook, Knight, Bishop, Queen and King are your major pieces. You Rook, Knight, Bishop, Queen and King are your major pieces. As you can see from the previous slides you have more choices where to move one of your major pieces if it is in the centre of the board. As you can see from the previous slides you have more choices where to move one of your major pieces if it is in the centre of the board.

33. What is a Sacrifice ? This is when you try and trick your opponent. This is when you try and trick your opponent. You want your opponent to take one of your pieces, so that you can take one of theirs and gain an advantage. You want your opponent to take one of your pieces, so that you can take one of theirs and gain an advantage.

34. When is the only time you are in charge When you call check! When you call check! Your opponent must get out of check Your opponent must get out of check Even if he knows you will take one of his major pieces next Even if he knows you will take one of his major pieces next This is why the Knight is so good This is why the Knight is so good

35. Knight Fork Not a Knife and Fork Not a Knife and Fork This is when your knight is attacking more than one piece at a time This is when your knight is attacking more than one piece at a time As the King is in check it has to move and then you take the Rook As the King is in check it has to move and then you take the Rook RKNBKBKNR PPKNPPPP PQ PPPPPPP RBKB R

36. Why is Castling strange? This is the only time you can move two pieces at once This is the only time you can move two pieces at once You move the King and the Rook You move the King and the Rook The King moves two squares to the right or left on the back line The King moves two squares to the right or left on the back line The Rook moves to the other side of the King The Rook moves to the other side of the King

37. When are you allowed to Castle? If you have not moved your King or Rook If you have not moved your King or Rook If you have no pieces between you King and Rook on the side you wish to castle If you have no pieces between you King and Rook on the side you wish to castle If your King is not in check at any point through the move If your King is not in check at any point through the move When castling, the king must always be moved first otherwise your opponent could claim that you have moved the rook instead of castling! When castling, the king must always be moved first otherwise your opponent could claim that you have moved the rook instead of castling!

38. Castling protects your King ! The King is invaluable. If it is attacked then it must move out of danger immediately and if it cannot be made safe then the game is lost. The King is invaluable. If it is attacked then it must move out of danger immediately and if it cannot be made safe then the game is lost. At the beginning of a chess game there is usually a battle for the centre of the board, therefore it is a good idea to move the king away from the action to a safe place in the corner and to move the rook to the middle of the board where it can take part in the battle. At the beginning of a chess game there is usually a battle for the centre of the board, therefore it is a good idea to move the king away from the action to a safe place in the corner and to move the rook to the middle of the board where it can take part in the battle.

39. What is Stalemate? This is where the only piece you can move is your King This is where the only piece you can move is your King BUT ! BUT ! If you move your King you will move into check If you move your King you will move into check As you are not allowed to do this As you are not allowed to do this The game is a draw The game is a draw This is known as Stalemate This is known as Stalemate

40. How do I avoid giving somebody a Stalemate? If your opponent can only move the King, then you must ensure that you either call ‘Check’ or allow the King a space to move to. If your opponent can only move the King, then you must ensure that you either call ‘Check’ or allow the King a space to move to. Quite often, the person who is winning will forget this and instead of winning, they end up with a draw. Quite often, the person who is winning will forget this and instead of winning, they end up with a draw.

41. How else can you get Stalemate? The answer is if you are only able to move the King. The answer is if you are only able to move the King. If you move your King 25 times, before your opponent gets you in check mate the game is a draw. If you move your King 25 times, before your opponent gets you in check mate the game is a draw. If you can suddenly move one of your pieces again, then you stop counting and the game continues If you can suddenly move one of your pieces again, then you stop counting and the game continues

42. What is resigning? This is when you give up and Knock your King over. This is when you give up and Knock your King over. Even though you may be loosing, you should never do this! Even though you may be loosing, you should never do this! Your opponent may make a mistake which might mean you end up with a draw or even winning. Your opponent may make a mistake which might mean you end up with a draw or even winning.

43. Repetition What is this I hear you say What is this I hear you say This is when you both make the same move more than once This is when you both make the same move more than once If you both make the same move, back wards and forwards 3 times, the game is a draw. If you both make the same move, back wards and forwards 3 times, the game is a draw.

44. The En Passant Pawn Capture You may think this move is illegal, but it is not! You may think this move is illegal, but it is not! This is a special way of capturing is called capturing en passant. En passant is a French expression which means “in passing”. This is a special way of capturing is called capturing en passant. En passant is a French expression which means “in passing”. The en passant capture must be done immediately after the pawn advances two squares. If your opponent plays another move he cannot then decide to capture en passant! The en passant capture must be done immediately after the pawn advances two squares. If your opponent plays another move he cannot then decide to capture en passant!

45. The En Passant Pawn Capture (2) You may remember every pawn, on its first move, has the choice of moving either one or two squares forward. You may remember every pawn, on its first move, has the choice of moving either one or two squares forward. Look at the diagram on the next slide. Black may think “ If I move my pawn one square White will capture it so I’ll move it two squares” Look at the diagram on the next slide. Black may think “ If I move my pawn one square White will capture it so I’ll move it two squares”

46. The En Passant Pawn Capture (3) K PP KKP P K

47. The En Passant Pawn Capture (4) However, White can still capture the black pawn as if it had only moved one square. However, White can still capture the black pawn as if it had only moved one square. White removes the black pawn from the board and places the white pawn on the square the black pawn would have moved to if it had only moved one square forward! White removes the black pawn from the board and places the white pawn on the square the black pawn would have moved to if it had only moved one square forward!

48. The En Passant Pawn Capture (5) K P KKPP K

49. THE END