1. Ashoke Maliki Road Infrastructure and Safety Expert UN Headquarters, New York, USA. 10 - 11 December 2015

2. Legal Framework for Transit Transport Cooperation at Bilateral, regional; and Global levels

3. 1. Supplementary Act /SA.1/07/13 Relating to the establishment and Implementation of the Joint Border Posts Concept within Member States of the Economic Community of West African States. was approved and signed in June, 2013 2. ECOWAS Supplementary Act/SP.1/02/12 Relating to the Harmonization of Standards and Procedures for the Control of Dimensions, Weight and Axle Load of Goods Vehicle Within Members States of the Economic Community of West African States. 3. Corridor Approach on the Abidjan- Lagos Highway Development Programme: Project Treaty (Agreement) signed by concerned Member States (Supra National Status). 4. Harmonization of norms, standards, vehicle size, axle load & JBP legal Framework Studies (Nigeria in ECOWAS and Cameroon in ECCAS) - JBP Legal Framework - Draft Bilateral Agreement between Nigeria and Cameroon - Operationalization Manual for JBP - Harmonised Axle Load Legal framework

4.  ECOWAS Protocol A/P.1/5/79 of 29th May 1979 as amended relating to Free Movement of persons, residence and establishment  ECOWAS Convention No A/P2/5/82 of 29 May 1982 regulating inter-State Road Transportation between ECOWAS Member States  Convention A/P5/5/82 of May 29th, 1982 for mutual administrative assistance on customs matters  Resolution C/RES/.4/5/90 of May 27th, 1990 on the reduction of the number of road check points in ECOWAS Member States  Convention A/P.1/7/92 of 29 July 1992 relating to mutual assistance in criminal matters;  Decision C/DEC.13/01/03 - Establishes a Regional Road Transport and Transit Facilitation Program in Support of Inter-Community Trade and Cross-Border Movements (JBPs, Observatories, ISRT Awareness)  RESOLUTION No.2 relating to the implementation of the Joint Border Posts Program of ECOWAS and UEMOA member states

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7. Transit Infrastructure Development

8. 1. Abidjan-Lagos Highway Development Programme  Presidents of Cote d’lvoire, Ghana, Togo, Benin and Nigeria proposed the construction of a 6-lane dual carriage Abidjan-Lagos Highway, 28 th February, 2013.  Design, Construction and Supervision of the 6-Lane Highway  Project Treaty signed by the beneficiary Member States  TOR for Feasibility and Detailed studies prepared  Funds secured for the studies from AfDB 2. Trans-Gambia Bridge  Phase I includes the funding of the bridge and connecting roads = UA 67.36 million, (AfDB 99.07%, Government The Gambia 0.24% and Government of Senegal 0.69%) and will be executed over a five year period (2012-2017)

9. 3. Construction of bad sections on the Abidjan-Lagos Section – World Bank  Phase I - Ghana 110km; Benin 17km; Togo 8km. Supervision, Technical Assistance & Road Safety 4. Rehabilitation of the Cotonou-Lome road – AfDB 5. European Union 10th EDF Regional Indicative programme  Construction of Zinder- Nigeria Border Road (Niger-Nigeria)  Koupela Piega-Fada Gourma-Niger Border (Burkina Faso-Niger)  Construction of the Bandajuma to the Moa river bridge (45,2 km) (Sierra Leone-Liberia)  Improvement/Construction of 3 bridges located over the Sewa, Waanje and Moa rivers in Sierra Leone

10. 6. MULTINATIONAL COTE D’IVOIRE/GUINEA/LIBERIA: ROAD DEVELOPMENT AND TRANSPORT FACILITATION PROGRAMME WITHIN THE MANO RIVER UNION (PAR-FT/UFM) o In the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire - Paving of Danané-Guinean border (47.6 km) road - Paving of Tabou-Liberian border (28 km) road o In the Republic of Guinea - Paving Lola-Côte d’Ivoire border road (39.75 km) in Guinea - Paving Karloken-Fish Town (80 km) road o In the Republic of Liberia - Paving of Harper Junction-Cavally (16 km) roads

11. 7. Joint Border Post Projects  Architectural and engineering designs completed for Seven JBPs  Construction ongoing on Four (4) sites:  SEME (Nigeria/Benin)  Noepe (Togo/Ghana) and  Malanville (Benin – Niger border  Mfum (Nigeria-Cameroon) – AfDB Grant Next Steps  Secure funding for remaining JBPs  Ghana-Burkina Faso €16.00m  Bénin-Togo €16.00m  Ghana-Côte d’Ivoire €20.00m  Guinée-Mali€16.00m Soft Components  Equipment Needs assessment Study and Operational Procedure manuals underway (World Bank)  Procurement of Equipment in progress  Undertake detailed training programmes for border control officials on the JBP scheme

12. OBJECTIVE  To enhance competitiveness of economy in the region by providing affordable transport costs for agriculture and mining products and goods. Master plan details  ECOWAS Railway Master Plan developed in 2009, identifying 17 priority links  Rehabilitation of 3,300 km existing railways  Construction of 6,700 KM of new lines

13. Trans Coastal New Links  Ilaro - Pobé 23 km; Segbohoue - Aného 49 km; Lomé - Téma 147 km; Prestea - Abidjan 222 km Rehabilitation link  Cotonou- Segbohoue 50 km  Aného-Lomé-Blitta 334 km  Dakar - Bamako 1,150 km Interconnection New links  Blitta-Pama-Fada Ngourma- Ouagadougou 783 km; Blitta- Sokodé-Fada Gourma- Niamey 839 km; Bougouni-Mandiana- Kankan 261 km; Tambacounda - Dabola 646 km; Man -Mandiana- Kankan 576 km; Dimbokro -Diléya- Man- Sanniquellie 535 km; Ansongo - Dori-Kaya 363 km; Man -Diléya- San Pedro 399 km Next Steps  Feasibility and detailed studies to be undertaken  Funds Mobilization

14. LLDCs and International Trade and Trade Facilitation Customs and Border Crossing Procedures

15. 1. Joint Border Post: - Average border crossing time reduced to 3 hours - Clearances for buses and passenger cars halved - Freight times reduced quite dramatically. - Pre-clearance possible through information & equipment sharing

16. 2. Observatory - Abidjan Lagos Corridor Organization (ALCO) 1. Computerized Single Window (SW) install and operational 2. Goods/Containers dwell time at the Port 3. Border crossing time of Goods-Loaded trucks 4. Number of road blocks per 100 km

18. 1. Customs Connectivity: Computerized Single Window (SW) Operational Computerized Single Window (SW) operational PortProgress Abidjan PortSingle Windom installed Lomé PortSingle Windom installed Cotonou PortSingle Windom installed Apapa PortSingle Windom installed

19. 2. Goods/Containers dwell time at the Port PortDwell time (2014 - 2015) Abidjan PortThe average time was 12 days for a target of 13 days as against 13 days observed in 2013-2014, representing a decrease of 1 day. Tema port Against 20 days observed in year 4, representing a decrease of 3 days. Lomé port the average time was 13 days for a target of 15 days as against 12 days observed in year 4, representing an increase of 1 day. Lagos (Apapa) port The recorded average time was 25 days for a target of 18 days. This is the same as the time observed in year 4 (July 2013 - June 2014).

20. 3. Border crossing time of Goods-Loaded trucks BorderDwell time (2014 - 2015) Elubo-Noe (Cote d’Ivoire to Ghana) With a target of 35hrs for the third year of the project in Côte d'Ivoire, the average time obtained from July 2014 to June 2015 was 23hrs as against 32hrs between July 2013 and June 2014 (the second year of implementation). Noe-Elubo (Ghana to Cote d’Ivoire) With a target 20h for July 2014-June 2015, this time was 30h as against 34h for July 2013-June 2014. Kodjoviakopé-Aflao (Togo to Ghana) with a target of 20hrs for 2014 - 2015, this time was 19hrs as against 42hrs in year 2013 - 2014. Aflao-Kodjoviakope (Ghana to Togo) this time was 16hrs as against 22hrs for year 4 with a target of 20hrs for year 5.

21. 3. Border crossing time of Goods-Loaded trucks BorderDwell time (2014 - 2015) Hillacondji-Sanvee Condji (Togo to Benin) With a target of 20hrs for 2014-2015, this time was 6hrs as against 7hrs for 2013-2015. Sanvee Condji- Hillacondji (Benin - Togo) The recorded time was 28hrs as against 30hrs for 2013-2014 with a 20hrs target for 2014-2015. Seme-Krake (Nigeria to Benin) With a target of 40hrs for 2014-2015, this time was 31hrs as against 63h for 2013-2014. Krake-Seme (Benin to Nigeria) This time was 38hrs as against 24hrs for 2013-2014 with a target of 40hrs for 2013-2014.

22. 4. Number of Road Blocks CountriesNumber of Road Blocks per 100km In Côte d’Ivoire The number of roadblocks identified was on average 6 as against 9 for year 4, representing a decrease of 3 checkpoints. In Ghana There were on average 18 roadblocks against an average of 20 in 2013-2014, representing a decrease of 2 checkpoints. In TogoThe number of roadblocks counted remained unchanged at 2, from 2013-2014 to 2014-2015. In BeninThe number of roadblocks identified is on average 11 in 2014-2015 as against 15 recorded in 2013-2014, representing a significant decrease of 04 checkpoints. In NigeriaThe number of roadblocks identified was an average of 17 as against 16 for 2013-2014, representing an increase of 1 checkpoint

23. Financing and Investment to improve transit for LLDCs

24.  FODETE  Fund for the development and financing of regional Transport and Energy projects which is expected to be fed from a levy on the key export resources within the region.  Feasibility study for the establishment of the fund underway (project prioritization criteria, fund mechanism and Management, sustainability etc).  Donor Engagements & Meetings  Infrastructure thematic group meeting of the ECOWAS Donors coordination with AfDB, Chair of the group  Coordinate donor interventions and harmonize project and programme intervention/selection

25. Muito Obrigado Je vous remercie Thank you