1. Kaiya and Avery

2. Expectations  1990’s- $2.2 billion  With new infrared detecting technology and research into cryogenic systems and orbits, currently costs 1/3 of original estimate to maintain  Mission estimated to last 2.5-5+ years (until liquid helium/cryogen wears out).

3. Spitzer  Liquid helium depleted in 2009. The two shortest wavelength cameras still function today (Spitzer Warm Mission).  Launched from Cape Canaveral, FL on Monday, August 25, 2003. 3824 days since launch. 191,617,259 km from Earth.  1990’s: infrared telescopes were around, but it was difficult to observe due to long exposure times and Earth’s Atmosphere.

4. Expectations  Originally, it was proposed to go up for short duration 30 day flights (with launchings occurring every week).  By 1983, expected to be long duration. One of the first times a satellite was proposed to be far away from Earth and not trailing Earth’s orbit (protects it from heat and reduces amount of necessary coolant).

6. Results  First telescope to capture light from extrasolar planets (“hot Jupiters”)  Gave new insight as to how planets are formed  More of a bar structure to the Milky Way Galaxy than earlier thought.  Double helix (80 light year long) nebula.

7. Spitzer Basics  Infrared  13 feet tall  2,000 lbs.  Maps weather patterns  Launched August 25, 2003  Lyman Spitzer died before it launched.

8. Engineering  Has to stay hot and cold  CTA  Thermal radiation  IRS  IRAC  MIPS  Star tracker  Orbits behind earth  85 cm mirror diameter  Ritchey Chrétlen design