1. Welcome to the World of Chemistry and Matter

2. What is Chemistry all About?
Chemistry is the study of
the composition/properties of matter
the changes that matter undergoes.

3. What is matter? Anything that has mass and takes up space
Made of atoms (we will study these later)

4. Measuring Matter
Matter is measured in two ways
Mass
Volume

5. What is mass?
Mass is the amount of living and nonliving material that makes up an object
Suitcase A
Suitcase B

6. What is volume?
Volume is the amount of space an object takes up

7. Sort the words below.. matter/not matter cat bicycle air fungi cork
water
flower
metal
soil
lemonade
tree
sunlight
cell
bacteria
gold
sound
rock
oxygen
wooden chair
gravity
leather shoes
bird
paper
book
cheetah
matter/not matter

8. Branches of Chemistry Branches include: Several career opportunities
Organic Chemistry
Inorganic Chemistry
Biochemistry
Physical Chemistry
Analytical Chemistry
Several career opportunities
Also used in many other jobs

9. The Feces Angle:
To understand the difference between the different branches of chemistry we are going to use the feces angle:
5 chemists from each of the 5 branches of chemistry are out hiking the Appalachian trail on a cold day. They come upon some fresh, steaming scat. Did it come from a rabbit? A deer? A bear?!
What will a chemist from each branch determine about the scat?

10. 1. Organic Chemistry
Organic chemistry: study of matter that contains carbon
Organic chemists study the structure, function, synthesis, and identity of carbon compounds
Common Careers:
petroleum industry, pharmaceuticals (medicine), polymers (plastics), food
Feces Angle:
The organic chemist would take a sample of scat and test it (NMR and IR tests) to see if the animal was a vegetarian or carnivore based on the various degraded foods present in the scat.

11. 2. Inorganic Chemistry
Inorganic chemistry: study of matter that does NOT contain carbon
Inorganic chemists study the structure, function, synthesis, and identity of non-carbon compounds
Many inorganic chemicals are found in nonliving things, such as rocks.
Common Careers:
Polymers (plastics), Metallurgy
Feces Angle:
The inorganic chemist would take a sample of scat and figure out if it is an acid (like vinegar) or a base (like lye) by dropping into a pH indicator liquid.

12. 3. Biochemistry Biochemistry: the study of chemistry in living things
Cross between biology and chemistry
Common Careers:
Pharmaceuticals (medicine), genetics, oncologist (research cancer)
Feces Angle:
A biochemist would take a sample of scat and test it to see if the animal was infected with any kinds of worms or other intestinal parasites. This chemist would also tell you how well the animal was digesting his food.

13. HONK if you passed p-chem
4. Physical Chemistry
Physical Chemistry: the study of the changes in energy that happen to matter
Relies on a lot of physics and math
deals with the mechanism, the rate, and the energy transfer that occurs when matter undergoes a change.
Much of p-chem is computational
Develop theoretical ideas for new compounds
Feces Angle:
The physical chemist might take the results that the organic chemist found and get more information about the degraded food. The physical chemist would not touch the scat!
HONK if you passed p-chem

14. 5. Analytical Chemistry
Analytical Chemistry: study of high precision measurement to find composition and identity of chemicals
Common Careers:
Forensics, quality control, medical tests
Feces Angle:
The analytical chemist would take a sample of scat and calculate if the animal was drinking clean or polluted water based on the levels of pollution chemicals in the feces. This chemist would also tell you the quantities of everything that is in the scat.

15. The Language of Chemistry
ELEMENTS-
pure substances that cannot be broken down by ordinary means to other substances.
Aluminum
Bromine
Sodium

16. The Language of Chemistry
The elements, their names, and symbols are given on the PERIODIC TABLE
How many elements are there?
118 elements have been identified
82 elements occur naturally on Earth
Examples: gold, aluminum, lead, oxygen, carbon
35 elements have been created by scientists
Examples: technetium, americium, seaborgium

17. The Periodic Table
Dmitri Mendeleev ( )

18. Glenn Seaborg (1912-1999) Discovered 8 new elements.
Only living person for whom an element was named.

19. Periodic Table Activity
Since the periodic table is like the alphabet and we use the “letters” (atoms) to form words (“molecules”) let’s start with some practice. Make some words out of the symbols from the periodic table. Try to make the longest words you can think of. There is a prize for the longest word and the most words.
Examples:
He + At = HeAt
S+ U + P + Er = SUPEr