1. Europe

2. Peninsula of Peninsulas
Europe-
Peninsula of Peninsulas
Definite differences between Western Europe and Eastern Europe
Iberian, Italian, Balkan, Jutland, Scandinavian

4. Regions of Europe Northern Europe- (Chapter 10)
Northwestern Europe (Chapter 11)
Southern Europe (Chapter 12)
Eastern Europe (Chapter 13)
The Russian Core (Chapter 14—we will not cover in this unit)

5. Northern Europe
Scandinavian countries: Norway, Sweden, and Denmark (includes Greenland)
Finland
Iceland (formerly part of Denmark)

6. Northwestern Europe
British Isles--United Kingdom (England, Scotland, Wales & Northern Ireland) & Ireland
France
Benelux-Belguim, The Netherlands (Holland/Dutch), Luxembourg
Microstates: Lichtenstein & Monaco
Germanic states: Germany,
Switzerland, Austria

7. Southern Europe (Mediterranean)
Iberian Peninsula-Spain and Portugal
Italian Peninsula-Italy
Balkan Peninsula-Greece
Microstate: Andorra, Vatican City, San Marino

8. Eastern Europe
Former Yugoslavia: Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro, Kosovo, Macedonia, Serbia
Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania
Czech Republic and Slovakia
Poland
Hungary & Romania
Bulgaria, Moldova, Albania

9. -Europeans use their location as an advantage
-uses seas-for food, trade and exploration
-many different cultures and languages
-conflicts between competing nations has caused destruction (espescially in Eastern Europe)
-recent years formed coalition: European Union.

10. Rivers (there’s a bunch) Rhine-flows 820 miles
Danube (longest) used for trade
passes through 5 Eastern European countries
empties into the Black Sea
the capital cities of Belgrade, Budapest, and Vienna line the banks
highway for trade “river of destiny,” “dustless road,” “lifeline”

11. Mountains and Uplands
*Most famous Mountain Chain: The Alps (arc across Germany, Switzerland, Austria)
*Alps cut Italy off from Europe
*Pyrenees restrict movement to Iberian Peninsula
*Balkan Mts. Block the Peninsula
*Meseta and Massif Central are big Upland areas in Spain and France, respectively.

12. Fertile Plains:
Most Fertile agricultural region: Northern European Plain - covers parts of France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Denmark, Germany and Poland

13. *Most of the continent is Marine West Coast.
*Nearby Ocean and winds create a mild Climate. Specifically, the North Atlantic Drift moderates Europe’s west coast
*Harsher conditions the further inland you move, further North
*Milder climate in the South–Mediterranean Climate extends from southern Spain and France through Italy to Greece and the Balkans