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Nervous System General functions: Sensory – receptors Integration & stores information as memory Response – motor – effectors.

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Presentation on theme: "Nervous System General functions: Sensory – receptors Integration & stores information as memory Response – motor – effectors."— Presentation transcript:

1 Nervous System General functions: Sensory – receptors Integration & stores information as memory Response – motor – effectors

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3 Classification Central Nervous System – brain & spinal cord Peripheral Nervous System – Afferent Somatic Visceral – Efferent Somatic Visceral = Autonomic Nervous System

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6 Classification Autonomic Nervous System – Sympathetic Nervous System for fight or flight response – Parasympathetic Nervous System for rest and relaxation response

7 Key Points Classify the Autonomic Nervous System CNS or PNS Afferent or Efferent Sensory or Motor Somatic or Visceral

8 Neuron = Nerve Cell Cell body – Ganglion – Nucleus Cytoplasmic processes – Axon = Fiber Fiber tracts in CNS Nerve in PNS Sensory, Motor, Mixed – Dendrite

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10 Synapse Junction between adjacent neurons [Telodendria – ends of axon] Neurotransmitters – chemicals bridging the synapse

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14 Neuroglia = Nerve glue Supportive cells to neurons Ependymal cells – line the neurocoel and provide nutrients

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17 Neuroglial Cells Oligodendroglia – produce myelin in CNS which is white and speeds up nerve impulse transmission

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19 Neuroglial Cells Astrocytes – Maintain blood brain barrier

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21 Key Points Parkinson’s Disease in humans is known to be caused by a decrease in dopamine (neurotransmitter) in the brain. Why not just inject patients with IV dopamine?

22 Neuroglial Cells Microglia – function as phagocytes

23 Key Points What is a phagocyte?

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25 Neuroglial Cells Schwann Cells – Produce myelin in PNS

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27 Key Points What is meant by white matter? What is meant by gray matter?

28 Development of Nervous System Neurulation Neural tube – Germinal layer – medial, with mitosis – Mantle layer – gray, cell bodies of neurons – Marginal layer – white – cytoplasmic processes without nuclei

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30 Development of Nervous System Neuroblasts form neurons Spongioblasts form neuroglia Alar plate is dorsal gray matter (nuclei) Basal plate is ventral gray matter

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