1. Red Scare 1919

2. Causes A. History of Restricting Immigrants 1. 1882- Chinese Exclusion Act –Denied citizenship to people born in China and prohibited immigration of Chinese labors 2. 1894 – Immigration Restriction League (IRL)

3. B. Immigration – Eastern & Southern Europe C. Bolshevik Revolution – Russia 1917 D. Industrial warfare of unions E. Seattle, Boston, steel and mine strikes F. Success of Socialist Party – Eugene V. Debs Ran for Pres. Five times

4. The Overman Committee was a special subcommittee of the United States Senate Committee on the Judiciary chaired by North Carolina Democrat Lee Slater Overman. Between September 1918 and June 1919, it investigated German and Bolshevik elements in the United States G. Overman Committee Three of the five members of the Overman Committee in 1919 during hearings: Senator Josiah Oliver Wolcott (D-Del.), Chairman Lee Slater Overman (D-N.C.), Senator Knute Nelson (R-Minn.)

8. In April 1919, authorities discovered a plot for mailing 36 bombs to prominent members of the U.S. political and economic establishment: J. P. Morgan, John D. Rockefeller, Supreme Court Justice Oliver Wendell Holmes, U.S. Attorney General Alexander Mitchell Palmer, and immigration officials. On June 2, 1919, in eight cities, eight bombs simultaneously exploded

9. Bombings- cont. Bombing of Attorney General A. Mitchell Palmer’s home explosion killed the bomber, who evidence indicated was an Italian- American radical from Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

10. III. Palmer Raids (End of 1919 to beginning of 1920) A. Raided radical organizations “communist” B. J. Edgar Hoover C. Arrested over 3,000 “radicals” in 33 cities D. Violated all civil liberties

11. IV. Restrictions by Government (Phobia of Foreigners) A. Reemergence of IRL 1. Passage of laws 2. Every immigrant must be able to read in order to be admitted to U.S.

12. B. Quotas 1. introduced in 1921 2. 1929 – 150,000 immigrants allowed each year (Chinese, Japanese and other Asians were barred)

17. Sacco and Vanzetti You will now watch a video on Sacco and Vanzetti. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nVwzoP6MYW8 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nVwzoP6MYW8 Requirements- 1.Develop some product which creates a character sketch of both Sacco and Vanzetti. 2.Explain what happened at both Bridgewater Assault and South Braintree 3. Explain how the Sacco and Vanzetti trial was influenced by the Red Scare. 4. What lessons can be learned from the Sacco and Vanzetti Trial.