1. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The Conquest of the Americas The Conquest of Two American Empires Using what you learned in your reading please sit down and fill out the timeline on page 313 of your student journal.

2. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The Conquest of the Americas What are vaccinations? Have you ever been vaccinated? Vaccination

3. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The Conquest of the Americas Spanish explorers defeated the Aztec and Incan empires. Conquest enriched Spain, but devastated the peoples of Mesoamerica and the Andes. Key Ideas

4. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The Conquest of the Americas conquistador—a Spanish explorer or soldier who conquered territory colonization—the process of establishing settlements called colonies bullion—precious metals melted into bars quipu—a series of knotted strings on which the Incas recorded information such as counts of people and goods, and Incan history immunity—the ability of a body to fight disease Key Terms

5. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The Conquest of the Americas Spanish conquistadors built colonies on Caribbean islands and then on the mainland. Hernán Cortés conquered the Aztecs in Mexico. The Spanish killed the emperor Moctezuma and took over the city of Tenochtitlan. The Incan empire in South America suffered from civil war and an epidemic of smallpox. Francisco Pizarro and a group of Spanish conquistadors conquered the weakened Incas. Aztecs and Incas

6. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.

7. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The Conquest of the Americas AmericanEmpires

8. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The Conquest of the Americas The Spanish Conquer Two Empires What did the Spanish conquer first, the mainland or the islands in the Caribbean? How did two interpreters help the Spanish fight the Aztecs? What is your opinion of the way Cortés responded to Moctezuma’s hospitality? What unexpected events helped the Spanish defeat the Incas?

9. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The Conquest of the Americas Spain gained wealth from its American colonies. Ships carried gold and silver bullion to Spain. Spain also imported tons of dried cochineal insects used to make red dye. Much native culture was lost. The Spanish burned records, melted down gold objects, and destroyed temples and cities. Millions of natives died from epidemics of smallpox and other diseases. The Conquest’s Long-Term Effects

10. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The Conquest of the Americas Deadly Epidemics Smallpox was common in Europe. The Spanish had resistance to it and other diseases. Explorers carried diseases to the Americas.

11. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The Conquest of the Americas The Impact of Conquest How did conquering the Aztecs and Incas affect Spain economically? How did other European nations respond to Spain’s wealth? Why did the Spanish destroy temples and records and kill native priests? Why did the Aztecs and Incas suffer more from smallpox than the Spanish did?

12. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The Conquest of the Americas Three Worlds Meet Spanish America had a diverse mix of Native American, European, and African people. Native American artistic styles, foods, and travel methods influenced colonists. Spanish language, laws, religion, diet, and building styles shaped colonial life. Africans brought farming methods, foods, drama, music, and religion to the Americas.

13. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The Conquest of the Americas What cultures blended into an American culture? What did the Spanish learn from Native Americans? What European institution had the largest impact on Native American lives in the Spanish colonies? What did Africans contribute to American culture? Cultural Blending

14. The Age of Exploration Copyright © Pearson Education, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. The Conquest of the Americas What are the consequences of trade? What did the people of the Americas gain or lose from their dealings with the Spanish? GainsLosses