1. Chapter 62 Opera in Milan after Verdi: Puccini, Toscanini, and Verismo

2. Lecture Overview Operas as a business and art in Italy at the turn of the 20th century Giacomo Puccini –life and works –Madama Butterfly, aria “Dovunque al mondo” Rise of the virtuoso conductor –Arturo Toscanini Verismo opera Review

3. The Life of Giacomo Puccini (1858–1924) 1858 born in Lucca (near Florence); father a church organist 1880 enters Milan Conservatory, studies with Amilcare Ponchielli 1893 first operatic success with Manon Lescaut 1904 composes Madama Butterfly 1924 dies in Brussels

4. Principal Compositions by Giacomo Puccini Operas: 12 including –La Bohème –Madama Butterfly –Tosca –Turandot Chorus: miscellaneous pieces including a Mass

5. Giacomo Puccini, Madama Butterfly, 1904, aria “Dovunque al mondo” Varied strophic form

6. The Life of Arturo Toscanini (1867–1957) 1867 born in Parma, studies cello at local conservatory 1886 begins career of operatic conductor in Rio de Janeiro, later in Turin 1896 conducts the premiere of Puccini’s La Bohème in Turin 1898 appointed chief conductor at La Scala in Milan 1908 conducts at Metropolitan Opera in New York 1928 music director of New York Philharmonic Orchestra 1937 conducts the NBC Symphony Orchestra, an organization created expressly for him 1957 dies in New York

7. Review Key Terms impresario Ricordi Arturo Toscanini verismo Pietro Mascagni Ruggero Leoncavallo