1. Treatment Approaches As Child and Youth Workers we can identify the type of treatment approach to employ based on the frequency and intensity of the behaviour that we are responding to.~

2. Re-educating Troubled Youth: Brendtro & Ness FREQUENCY INTENSITY SituationalPervasive Behavioural Emotional (Internalized) Behaviour Management Insight and Behaviour Modification Crisis Intervention Counselling and Re-education

3. Level of Control As Child and Youth Workers we must be aware of the amount of control that is necessary to influence behaviour.~

4. Behaviour appropriate to Normal Development Control As behaviour becomes more appropriate in terms of development the less control required by the CYW more less inappropriate appropriate

5. Behaviour Management Techniques Planned Ignoring Worker does not acknowledge the behaviour Extinction from Behaviour Therapy – reward of attention is removed to weaken the behaviour May also be negatively rewarding in that the client avoids a consequence.~

6. Signaling A signal may be as simple as eye contact, perhaps a movement of the head or some personalized signal to interrupt the current behaviour Proximity and touch control Control of behaviour through physical proximity. May be negatively reinforcing for clients who are attention seeking.~

7. Interest Boosting Promote those aspects of an activity that build on the interests and experiences of the client Form Adventure, athletics, art, Personal interests Matched to specific areas of client interest.~

8. Hypodermic Affection Using affection (pat on the back, arm around shoulder) to manage a particular emotive situation. Restrictive in terms of types of behaviour to be controlled – not anger, may be useful for disappointment Can be positively reinforcing a negative behaviour (attention seeking)~

9. Humour Spontaneous but skillful use of humour to reduce immediate tension. Problematic in terms of shared humour Lower Hurdles / Hurdle Help Lessening the difficulty, breaking into smaller steps, or problem solving alternative approaches to avoid frustration of failure (shaping, chaining) Problem of motivation and learned helplessness~

10. Interpretation Providing clients with a concrete, realistic explanation of what has happened Providing clients with sufficient information so as to reduce spontaneous reactions Regrouping Changing the groups membership or psychological constellation~

11. Restructuring Altering the structure of a particular activity Direct Appeal Appeal to relationship Appeal to reality Appeal to value Appeal to group code Appeal to pride~

12. Limiting Space and Tools Awareness of the environment and the objects in the clients environment to maintain control. Physical Removal Non punitive removal of a client from a situation Physical Restraint Use of isolation room or holding~

13. Authoritarian Interference Reprimand or strong statement to interrupt the behaviour Threats, Consequences or Punishment Cost contingency, logical consequences, punishment, Promises or rewards Contingency contracting, reinforcing an alternative or incompatible behaviour~