1. Customization of Silicone-Epoxy Coatings
The 32nd Biennial
Western Coatings Symposium
October 25 – October 28 4 4 4

2. Content Unique hybrid technology Coating benefits
Understanding dual cure chemistry
Curing mechanism
Means of customization
Different aminosilanes
Data & results
Completed testing
Future steps

3. Hybrid Resin Technology
Aliphatic Epoxy
Corrosion resistance
Chemical resistance
Aminosilane
Hardener
Corrosion protection
Chemical resistance
Silicone – Epoxy Hybrid
Alkoxy Silicone Resin
UV resistance
Low yellowing

4. Coating Benefits High volume solids & low VOC
Excellent color & gloss retention
Excellent corrosion resistance in two – coat system
Cost effective against multi – coat systems
Isocyanate free
Excellent chemical resistance
Provides a degree of anti – graffiti properties
Tolerance to high humidity due to nature of curing mechanisms

5. Two – Coat Replacement PU 175 µm 125 µm Epoxy Zn primer Zn primer
Silicone – Epoxy
coating
175 µm
125 µm
Epoxy
Zn primer
Zn primer
steel substrate

6. Silicone – Epoxy Hybrid
Dual Cure Chemistry
Aliphatic Epoxy
Amino Alkoxy Silane CH
CH2 O R 4
Silicone – Epoxy Hybrid
Alkoxy Silicone Resin R 2 Si 1 3 O 4
H2O
- ROH R 1
Traditional Silane

7. Cross – Linking Mechanism
R = Me or Et
R" = Epoxy polymer (symbol)
Silicone – Epoxy Hybrid O P h S i O S i O S i P h O O O P h R ´´ S i S i O Si R ´´ M e O O R O R ´´ O R O
Main Curing Mechanism
The hydrolysis / condensation
of the alkoxy groups.
Traditional Silane O R H N S i O R 2 O R

8. Resin Matrix Formation
Cross – Linking cont’d O S i M e R P h H N
R = Me or Et
R" = Epoxy polymer (symbol)
Resin Matrix Formation

9. Highly Cross – Linked System
Cross – Linking cont’d
R = Me or Et
R‘‘ = Epoxy polymer (symbol) O S i M e R P h H N
Highly Cross – Linked System

10. System Customization Aminosilane curative Primary vs. secondary
Alkoxy silicone functionality
Blended
Alternate resin chemistry (use of co – resin)
Flexible epoxy
Terminated polymer
Other epoxy functionalized chemistries
Best combination

11. Aminosilane Structures
AMEO
molecular weight = 221
equivalent weight = 110.5
DAMO – T
molecular weight = 222
equivalent weight = 74
AMMO
molecular weight = 179
equivalent weight = 89.5

12. Aminosilane Structures cont’d
1505
similar structure to AMEO
(alkoxy replacement)
equivalent weight = 95.7
1124
molecular weight = 341
equivalent weight = 341
214
proprietary 80 / 20 blend
calculated equivalent weight = 173.7

13. Silicone – Epoxy Topcoat
Guiding Formulation
Silicone – Epoxy Topcoat
1. Component A Wt. %
2. Component B Wt. %
Silicone – Epoxy
UV Light Stabilizer
Deaerator
Titanium Dioxide
Micro Talc
Silica
Butyl Acetate
disperse to Hegman 6+
32.4
1.0
0.5
26.1
2.0
5.0
32.0
Aminosilane
Varies
Solvent 5%!

14. Drying Properties AMEO AMMO 1124 1505 214 Dry – to – Touch (Hrs.) 3.5
4 mil drawdown on glass
AMEO
AMMO
1124
1505
214
DAMO – T
Dry – to – Touch (Hrs.)
3.5 2
0.5 5
1.5
2.5
Through Dry (Hrs.) 6
4.5
1.0
7.5
*Measured with dry time recorder.

15. Drying Properties cont’d
4 mil drawdown on glass
slower
curative
AMEO
AMMO
1124
1505
214
DAMO – T
Dry – to – Touch
Through Dry
*Measured with dry time recorder.

16. Time After Curing Initiated
60° Gloss vs. Time
4 mil drawdown
on 3B Leneta
Time After Curing Initiated
Curative
initial
1 Hr.
2 Hrs.
3 Hrs.
4 Hrs.
5 Hrs.
6 Hrs.
7 Hrs.
AMEO
87.2
85.7
86.5
86.6
87.4
87.0
88.0
AMMO
87.8
87.1
82.4
86.7
91.0
92.7
93.2
93.4
1124
91.5
91.1
91.7
90.5
1505
89.8
88.8
88.7
87.9
88.5
87.7
214
80.5
77.1
77.4
78.1
79.0
79.5
81.7
DAMO – T
87.3
84.2
85.0
90.8
92.8
93.3

17. Pencil Hardness (ASTM D 3363) Rocker Hardness (ASTM D 2134)
Hardness Build With Time
4 mil drawdown
on steel “Q” panel
Cure Time Allowed
Pencil Hardness (ASTM D 3363)
Rocker Hardness (ASTM D 2134)
Curative
24 Hrs.
7 Days
14 Days
AMEO HB 4H 6H 9 26
AMMO F 3H 11 21 24
1124 7H 9H 16 27
1505 2B H 4 8
214
DAMO – T B 2H 2 6 7

18. Adhesion Testing Cross-Hatch Adhesion (ASTM D 3359) Curative AMEO AMMO
conventional spray applied
Cross-Hatch Adhesion (ASTM D 3359)
Curative
direct to metal
comments EP Zn
AMEO 4B 3B
failed at primer / metal interface
AMMO
1124 1B
extremely brittle
1505
214 2B
DAMO – T
*EP = Macropoxy 646 primer
Zn = Zinc Clad II Plus primer

19. conventional spray applied Cylindrical Mandrel Bend (ASTM D 522)
Flexibility Testing
conventional spray applied
Cylindrical Mandrel Bend (ASTM D 522)
Curative
direct to metal
elongation EP Zn
AMEO
1/8”
> 30%
3/8”
10.5%
5/8”
6.5%
AMMO
3/4”
5.2%
> 1”
< 3.9%
1124
1505
214 1”
3.9%
DAMO – T

20. flexible (cylindrical)
Flexibility Testing cont’d
conventional spray applied
flexible (cylindrical)
curative
AMEO
AMMO
1124
1505
214
DAMO-T
direct to metal
epoxy primer
zinc rich primer

21. conventional spray applied Conical Mandrel Bend (ASTM D 522)
Flexibility Testing cont’d
conventional spray applied
Conical Mandrel Bend (ASTM D 522)
Curative
direct to metal
elongation EP Zn
AMEO
1/4”
30%
3 1/4”
5.6%
5 3/4”
3.2%
AMMO
4 3/4”
3.9%
> 6”
< 2%
1124
1505
1/2”
20% 4”
4.8%
214
5 1/2” 3%
DAMO – T 0”
> 32% 5”
3.7%

22. Flexibility Testing cont’d
conventional spray applied
flexible (conical)
curative
AMEO
AMMO
1124
1505
214
DAMO-T
direct to metal
epoxy primer
zinc rich primer

23. conventional spray applied
Impact Resistance
(ASTM D 2974 Direct Impact)
conventional spray applied
AMEO
AMMO
1124
1505
214
DAMO – T
direct to metal
15”
12” 6”
18”
10”
epoxy primer
13”
11” 7” 9”
zinc rich primer 5” 4” 3”
*Measured using 900 gram total weight with 1/4” conical head.

24. conventional spray applied
Chemical Resistance
(ASTM D 1308 Spot Test)
conventional spray applied
AMEO
AMMO
1124
24 Hrs.
7 Days
Chemical EP Zn
MEK 5
MIBK
n-Butyl Acetate 3 4
Ethyl Alcohol
Xylene
Mineral Spirits
Acetone
50% Sodium Hydroxide 2
Ammonia
1M Nitric Acid
1M Hydrochloric Acid
1M Sulfuric Acid
1M Phosphoric Acid
1M Acetic Acid

25. conventional spray applied
Chemical Resistance cont’d
conventional spray applied
1505
214
DAMO – T
24 Hrs.
7 Days
Chemical EP Zn
MEK 5 3 4
MIBK
n-Butyl Acetate 2
Ethyl Alcohol
Xylene
Mineral Spirits
Acetone
50% Sodium Hydroxide
Ammonia
1M Nitric Acid
1M Hydrochloric Acid
1M Sulfuric Acid
1M Phosphoric Acid
1M Acetic Acid

26. Chemical Resistance cont’d
conventional spray applied
resistance
curative
AMEO
AMMO
1124
1505
214
DAMO-T
solvents
bases
acids

27. Weathering Resistance
Test Method
QUV B
3000 Hours
Cycle: 4 Hrs. / 4 Hrs.
Silicone – Epoxy Topcoat cured with AMEO
Initial Gloss (60°)
89.2
Gloss After 3000 Hrs.
36.8
ΔE After 3000 Hrs.
4.8
Chalking 5
Test Method
Salt Spray Test
DIN
(Rust Grade)
Silicone – Epoxy Topcoat cured with AMEO
2000 Hrs. 4

28. Future Steps Investigate DAMO – T crosslinking ability
Run alternate performance testing
Submersion chemical resistance
Adhesion on surface prepared substrate
Perform environmental testing
Florida exposure
Salt fog
Humidity
QUV
Customization via silicone – epoxy resin