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Buffer Solutions Buffer solutions are equilibrium systems, which maintain a relatively constant pH when small amounts of acids or bases are added. Acid Buffer Recipe Weak Acid + Salt (conjugate) HF NaF Buffer EquationSame as weak acid HF ⇋ H + +F -
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Buffer Solutions Buffer solutions are equilibrium systems, which maintain a relatively constant pH when small amounts of acids or bases are added. Acid Buffer Recipe Weak Acid + Salt (conjugate) HF NaF Buffer EquationSame as weak acid HF ⇋ H + +F - [High]
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Buffer Solutions Buffer solutions are equilibrium systems, which maintain a relatively constant pH when small amounts of acids or bases are added. Acid Buffer Recipe Weak Acid + Salt (conjugate) HF NaF Buffer EquationSame as weak acid HF ⇋ H + +F - [High][low]
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Buffer Solutions Buffer solutions are equilibrium systems, which maintain a relatively constant pH when small amounts of acids or bases are added. Acid Buffer Recipe Weak Acid + Salt (conjugate) HF NaF Buffer EquationSame as weak acid HF ⇋ H + +F - [High][low] [High]
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Buffer EquationSame as weak acid HF ⇋ H + +F - [High][low][High] The [HF] is relatively high because HF is a weak acid and does not dissociate very much. The [H + ] is low for the same reason. The [F - ] is high due to adding the salt NaF to the solution. This buffer solution has high concentrations of HF and F -, which means it has the ability to shift left or right and maintain the H + concentration and hence the pH remains at a relatively constant level.
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1.0 M HCN is mixed with 2.0 M NaCN to make a buffer solution. Write the equation for the buffer solution. Determine the [HCN] and [CN - ]. HCN ⇋ H + +CN - 1.0 M
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1.0 M HCN is mixed with 2.0 M NaCN to make a buffer solution. Write the equation for the buffer solution. Determine the [HCN] and [CN - ]. HCN ⇋ H + +CN - 1.0 MLow
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1.0 M HCN is mixed with 2.0 M NaCN to make a buffer solution. Write the equation for the buffer solution. Determine the [HCN] and [CN - ]. HCN ⇋ H + +CN - 1.0 MLow2.0 M
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Base Buffer Recipe Weak Base +Salt (conjugate) NH 3 NH 4 Cl Buffer EquationSame as weak base NH 3 +H 2 O ⇋ NH 4 + +OH -
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Base Buffer Recipe Weak Base + Salt (conjugate) NH 3 NH 4 Cl Buffer EquationSame as weak base NH 3 +H 2 O ⇋ NH 4 + +OH - [High]
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Base Buffer Recipe Weak Base + Salt (conjugate) NH 3 NH 4 Cl Buffer EquationSame as weak base NH 3 +H 2 O ⇋ NH 4 + +OH - [High]
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Base Buffer Recipe Weak Base + Salt (conjugate) NH 3 NH 4 Cl Buffer EquationSame as weak base NH 3 +H 2 O ⇋ NH 4 + +OH - [High][High][Low]
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN NaCN
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN NaCN NaHCO 3
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN NaCN H 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN NaCN H 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 H 3 PO 4
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN NaCN H 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 H 3 PO 4 NaH 2 PO 4
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN NaCN H 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 H 3 PO 4 NaH 2 PO 4 KCH 3 COO
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN NaCN H 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 H 3 PO 4 NaH 2 PO 4 CH 3 COOHKCH 3 COO
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN NaCN H 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 H 3 PO 4 NaH 2 PO 4 CH 3 COOHKCH 3 COO NH 4 Cl
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN NaCN H 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 H 3 PO 4 NaH 2 PO 4 CH 3 COOHKCH 3 COO NH 4 ClNH 3
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN NaCN H 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 H 3 PO 4 NaH 2 PO 4 CH 3 COOHKCH 3 COO NH 4 ClNH 3 Na 2 CO 3
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN NaCN H 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 H 3 PO 4 NaH 2 PO 4 CH 3 COOHKCH 3 COO NH 4 ClNH 3 NaHCO 3 Na 2 CO 3
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN NaCN H 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 H 3 PO 4 NaH 2 PO 4 CH 3 COOHKCH 3 COO NH 4 ClNH 3 NaHCO 3 Na 2 CO 3 NaH 2 PO 4
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Fill in the blanks to get buffer solutions. AcidBase HCN NaCN H 2 CO 3 NaHCO 3 H 3 PO 4 NaH 2 PO 4 CH 3 COOHKCH 3 COO NH 4 ClNH 3 NaHCO 3 Na 2 CO 3 NaH 2 PO 4 Na 2 HPO 4
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Buffer Application 1.Pick the two buffer solutions A.NH 4 Cland HCl B.NaClandNaOH C.HFandNaF D.NH 4 ClandNH 3
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Buffer Application 1.Pick the two buffer solutions A.NH 4 Cland HCl B.NaClandNaOH C.HFandNaF D.NH 4 ClandNH 3
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Buffer Application 1.Pick the two buffer solutions A.NH 4 Cland HCl B.NaClandNaOH C.HFandNaF D.NH 4 ClandNH 3 2.Write the equations for the above two buffer solutions. Label each species in the equation as high or low concentration.
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Buffer Application 1.Pick the two buffer solutions A.NH 4 Cland HCl B.NaClandNaOH C.HFandNaF D.NH 4 ClandNH 3 2.Write the equations for the above two buffer solutions. Label the each species in the equation as high or low concentration. HF ⇋ H + +F - NH 3 +H 2 O=NH 4 + +OH -
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Buffer Application 1.Pick the two buffer solutions A.NH 4 Cland HCl B.NaClandNaOH C.HFandNaF D.NH 4 ClandNH 3 2.Write the equations for the above two buffer solutions. Label the each species in the equation as high or low concentration. HF ⇋ H + +F - [High] [Low] [High] NH 3 +H 2 O=NH 4 + +OH -
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Buffer Application 1.Pick the two buffer solutions A.NH 4 Cland HCl B.NaClandNaOH C.HFandNaF D.NH 4 ClandNH 3 2.Write the equations for the above two buffer solutions. Label the each species in the equation as high or low concentration. HF ⇋ H + +F - [High] [Low] [High] NH 3 +H 2 O=NH 4 + +OH - [High] [High] [Low]
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3.A few drops of 0.10 M NaOH is added to a buffer solution at pH = 5.00. The new pH could be: A4.98 B.5.02 C.8.05 D.2.11
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3.A few drops of 0.10 M NaOH is added to a buffer solution at pH = 5.00. The new pH could be: A4.98 B.5.02 C.8.05 D.2.11
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase YellowBlue
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase YellowBlue ShiftColour At pH < 0.8
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase YellowBlue ShiftColour At pH < 0.8Left
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase YellowBlue ShiftColour At pH < 0.8LeftYellow
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase YellowBlue ShiftColour At pH [Ind - ]
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase YellowBlue ShiftColour At pH [Ind - ] At pH > 0.8
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase YellowBlue ShiftColour At pH [Ind - ] At pH > 0.8Right
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase YellowBlue ShiftColour At pH [Ind - ] At pH > 0.8RightBlue
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase YellowBlue ShiftColour At pH [Ind - ] At pH > 0.8RightBlue[HInd] < [Ind - ]
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase YellowBlue ShiftColour At pH [Ind - ] At pH > 0.8RightBlue[HInd] < [Ind - ] At pH = 0.8
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase YellowBlue ShiftColour At pH [Ind - ] At pH > 0.8RightBlue[HInd] < [Ind - ] At pH = 0.8Middle
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase YellowBlue ShiftColour At pH [Ind - ] At pH > 0.8RightBlue[HInd] < [Ind - ] At pH = 0.8MiddleGreen
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Indicators Methyl violet HInd ⇋ H + +Ind - AcidBase YellowBlue ShiftColour At pH [Ind - ] At pH > 0.8RightBlue[HInd] < [Ind - ] At pH = 0.8MiddleGreen[HInd] = [Ind - ]
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@ the transition point Ka = [H + ] Ka = 10 -pH Ka = 10 -0.8 = 0.2
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