1. An introduction to the author and novel

2. Born in Cornwall, England, 1911 Studied science and literature Sigmund Freud’s philosophy of psychoanalysis is popular Became a schoolmaster; through observation concluded that our civilized selves are somewhat fragile Joined British Navy during WWII Re-evaluated his view of human nature and questioned humanity

3. “I learned during WWII just how brutal people can be to each other. Not just Germans or Japanese, but everyone. I tried to point that out (in the novel). Some have said that the brutality of the novel is impossible. It’s not: look in any newspaper.” –Golding

4. Published 1954 Attempts to show we all have potential for evil; defects of society can be traced to defects in man The island is a microcosm; the problems there are the problems of the world. Symbolism: what happens to civilized people when structures of civilization disappear Title: a translation for the Hebrew word for Beelzebub: the devil, Satan

5. A psychological interpretation of the novel The human mind is comprised of three parts: The ID The EGO The SUPEREGO Each part has its own function, but the three interact to govern behavior

6. Primitive part of our personality Consists of basic biological needs and drives; instinctual Need for food, drink, to avoid pain, obtain pleasure, aggression Seeks immediate gratification of impulses

7. The executive or reality principle: This part of us says we can’t always satisfy our immediate impulses; there are consequences if we do. Decides which actions are appropriate, which impulses will be satisfied Delay gratification for appropriate environment Mediates between the ID and the SUPEREGO

8. Represents values and morals of society taught by parents, teachers, etc. Our conscience; it decides what is right and wrong ID seeks pleasure, EGO tests reality, SUPEREGO strives for perfection Under normal circumstances, the three work together to produce balance and allow us to operate in society

9. The island is likened to the Garden of Eden: innocent, pure, untouched Concept of original sin symbolized by the scar Christ figure Satan and temptation evident throughout