1. Fackrel@Uwindsor.ca paramyxo.ppt
Paramyxoviruses
paramyxo.ppt

2. Paramyxoviruses Structure Classification Multiplication
Clinical manifestations
Epidemiology
Diagnosis
Control
Baron’s Web Site

3. Paramyxoviridae Paramyxovirus - parainfluenza, mumps
Pneumovirus - respiratory syncytial virus
Morbillivirus - measles

4. Rubella virus is a member of the Togaviridae!!!

5. Structure: Paramyxoviridae
Enveloped nm
helical, pleomorphic symmetry
SS RNA ,antisense monopartite

7. Viral Proteins RNA-directed RNA polymerase Hemagglutinin parainfluenza
measles
Neuraminidase

8. Neuraminidase & hemagglutinin activities are different sites of the same protein

9. Fusion protein causes syncytia formation

10. Multiplication Antisense strand -> sense RNA Viral proteins
RNA directed RNA polymerase
Viral proteins
sense RNA template for antisense strands
capsid assembly

11. Parainfluenza virus Mumps virus Measles virus
Paramxyovirus
Parainfluenza virus
Mumps virus
Measles virus

12. Parainfluenza Viruses

13. Paraflu:Clinical manifestions
mild or severe infections
lower and upper respiratory tract
particularly in children

14. Paraflu: Classification
types 1,2,3,4 in humans
type 4 subtypes A & B

15. Paraflu: Epidemiology
occurs worldwide
usually endemic
primarily in young children
reinfections common

16. Paraflu: Diagnosis clinical symptoms nonspecific Isolate virus
Detect viral antigens
Detect rise in specific antibodies

17. No vaccine is available for Parainfluenza

18. Mumps virus

19. Mumps:Clinical manifestions
systemic febrile infection
children & young adults
swelling of salivary glands
Parotid gland
meningitis common
encephalitis can occur
orchitis oophoritis in adults

20. Single mumps serotype
shared antigens with paraflu type 1

21. Mumps:Pathogenesis droplet infection viremia
spreads to glands & nervous tissue
inflammation & cell death

22. Mumps:Epidemiology worldwide endemic in urban areas
intermittant in rural areas
epidemic 2-7 years
peak incidence Jan-May

23. Mumps:Diagnosis TYPICAL clinical diagnosis ATYPICAL isolate virus
viral antigen in saliva of CSF
Detect specific IgM
Detect rising titer of IgG

24. Mumps: Defenses Interferon humoral immunity cell mediated immunity
lifelong protection

25. Mumps:Control live attentuated vaccine long term protection
reinfections can occur

26. Morbillivirus
Measles virus

27. Measles: Clinical manifestions
coryza, conjunctivitis, fever rash
maculopapular rash 1-3 days later
Complications
otitis, pneumonia, encephalitis
SSPE (subacute sclerosing panencephalitis)-rare

28. Measles: Pathogenesis
viremia
multiples in cells of :
lymphatic system
respiratory system
skin
brain

29. Measles:Host Defenses
Interferon
Humoral immunity
Cell mediated immunity
Life long protection

30. Measles: Epidemiology
worldwide
endemics & epidemics
mainly late winter-early spring

31. Measles Incidence

32. Measles: Diagnosis Typical clinical manifestations Atypical
Isolate virus
Detect specific IgM
Detect increase in IgG

33. Measles: Control Active vaccination Live attentuated virus vaccine
long lasting protection
Passive immunity
measles hyperimmunoglobulin

34. WHO MeaslesVaccination Strategy
"catch-up" everyone aged 1-14 years
"keep-up" 90% of children at age 12 months;
"follow-up" 3-5 years
WHO Report

35. Respiratory syncytial virus
Pneumovirus
Respiratory syncytial virus

36. RSV:Clinical manifestions
upper & lower respiratory tract infection
frequent in young children
significant in elderly

37. Antibody Dependent Cytotoxicity
RSV: Pathogenesis
droplets
direct contact
infects ciliated epithelium of respiratory mucosa
localized
Antibody Dependent Cytotoxicity

38. RSV: Host Defenses interferon cell mediated immunity Humoral immunity
Secretory immunity ( sIgA)
reinfection possible

39. RSV: Epidemiology worldwide temperate climates
epidemic winter and early spring
infants & young children

40. RSV: Diagnosis nonspecific clinical symptoms Isolate virus
Detect viral antigen
Detect IgM, IgA
Detect icrease in IgG

41. RSV: Control no vaccine ribavrin as aerosol
isolate patients in hospitals