1. Scientific Method Review

3. Branches of Science Life Science Earth Physical Science Biology
Study of all living things
Study of earth
Landforms, rocks, soil, and forces shaping earths surface
Chemistry
Physics
Study interactions of matter and energy

4. What are the steps to the Scientific Method?
Observation (using the 5 senses)
Ask a question
Hypothesize & predict
Test hypothesis (Experiment)
Materials
Procedures
Data (journal, pictures, charts)
Analyze results
Draw conclusions
Communicate results
Further scientific inquiry
A successful hypothesis becomes a Scientific Theory.

5. Designing a Controlled Experiment
A controlled experiment works with one variable at a time. If several variables were changed at the same time, the scientist would not know which variable was responsible for the observed results.
In a “controlled experiment” only one variable is changed at a time. All other variables should be unchanged or “controlled”.

6. Match the definitions:
Variable
Independent Variable
Dependent Variable c a b
a. The factor you want to test/changed by the investigator
b. The factor you observe or measure during an experiment.
c. A factor that can have more than one value

7. What are Scientific Theory & Scientific Law?
An explanation of events that is based on repeated observations and investigations.
If information does not support theory, it will be modified or rejected
Attempts to explain why something happens
More complex than a scientific law and contains many well supported hypothesis
Scientific Law
Observations of similar events that have been observed repeatedly
If observations do not follow a law, it is not a law
States that something will happen
Contains one well supported hypothesis that states something will happen

8. Distinguish between fact & opinion?
A measurement observation, or statement that can be strictly defined.
Opinion
A personal view, feeling, or claim about a topic.

9. Distinguish between description& explanation?
A spoken or written summary of an observation
Explanation
An interpretation (explain the meaning of) of observations

10. The International System of Units (SI)
What is the name of the system of measurements adopted by Scientists called?
The International System of Units (SI)
What is a Significant digit?
The number of digits in a measurement that you know with a degree of certainty.

11. How do Scientist benefit from SI?
It allows all scientists throughout the world to share results using the same measurements
Helps to avoid any confusion

12. Metric Units

13. What causes measurement uncertainty?
When we measure an object, we want to know how close this value is to the true value.
The tools used to take measurements can limit the accuracy of measurements.
All measurements have some uncertainty
Which measurement is more accurate? ✔

14. Accuracy: a measure of how close a measurement is to the true value of the quantity being measured
Precision: a measure of how close a series of measurements are to one another. A measure of how exact a measurement is.
7th grade only!

15. Accuracy without Precision
Accuracy & Precision
Accuracy without Precision
Precision without Accuracy
No Precision & No Accuracy
7th grade only!

16. the number that occurs the most.
Mean
the average of a set of data. To calculate the mean, find the sum of the data and then divide by the number of data
Mode
the number that occurs the most.
Range
the difference between the largest and the smallest number in the set.
Median
the middle number in a set of data when the data is arranged from least to greatest.
6th grade only!

17. Scientific Tools
Journal: used to record observations, questions , hypothesis, data, and conclusions
Computer: collect, organize, and store information about a research topic or scientific investigation
Rulers/meter sticks: measure lengths & distances
Internet: research data, analyze information, share results
Glassware: hold, pour, and take precise measurement of liquids
Microscope: helps you observe small objects that cannot be observed with just eyes
Triple beam balance: measures mass of an object
Thermometer: measures the temperature of a substance

18. Scientific Tools used by Earth Scientists
Binoculars: view faraway objects more clearly
Compass: used to navigate by showing magnetic north
Wind Vane: shows direction of the wind
Anemometer: measures wind speed
Streak plate: piece of hard, unglazed porcelain that helps identify minerals
6th grade only!

19. Scientific Tools used by Life Scientists
Magnifying Lens: a handheld lens that magnifies, or enlarges, objjects.
Slide: a thin rectangular piece of glass that is needed for specimens to view in a microscope.
Dissecting tools: sharp scalpels or scissors used to examine organs, or prepared organisms.
Pipette : a small glass or plastic tube used to draw up and transfer liquid.
7th grade only!