1. GENERAL SPARTAN ACTIVITIES Crystal Weagle & Graydon Snider June 9, 2015 First International SPARTAN Meeting Dalhousie University

2. 1 Why measure PM 2.5 ?

3. Air Sampling Instruments 1. Nephelometer 2 2. Filter Sampler

4. SPARTAN Sampling Strategy Sample daily Filter economy 3 = one day = 160 min of intermittent* sampling 1 32547689 Decrease sampling bias Reduces semivolatile loss

5. Site Deployment 4 Testing Deployed Each site collocated with Sunphotometer

6. Site Deployment Timeline 5 PM 2.5 PM coarse Duty % 707815 4911920 934027 3124100 1013100 161982 173187 152966 ??15 9482 1410100

7. Beijing, China January – April 2013: instrument testing June 2013: long-term sampling started HI collocation: September 2013 New instruments arrived June 2014 Everything running smoothly 6 PM 2.5 = 70 μg/m 3

8. Dhaka, Bangladesh Installed October 2013 HI collocation: Oct. – Nov. 2013 Electronics case replaced August 2014 Nephelometer cleaned and calibrated March 2015 Universal Power supply on site Instruments running well 7 PM 2.5 = 49 μg/m 3

9. Kanpur, India Installed October 2013 HI collocation: Dec. 2013 – Jan. 2014 Nephelometer cleaned and calibrated April 2015 Universal Power Supply on site Issues: Frequent power outages Instruments running well 8 PM 2.5 = 93 μg/m 3

10. Bandung, Indonesia Installed January 2014 HI collocation: July – August 2014 Nephelometer cleaned and calibrated April 2015 9 PM 2.5 = 31 μg/m 3

11. Manila, Philippines Installed January 2015 HI collocation: April – May 2014 Filter sampler running well Nephelometer down for repairs Issue: prone to short power outages 10 PM 2.5 = 17 μg/m 3

12. Ilorin, Nigeria Installed March 2014 HI collocation: not yet Filter sampler working well No nephelometer on site Solar panel/battery power supply Oct. 2014 – April 2015: electrical issue stopped sampling 11 PM 2.5 = 16 μg/m 3

13. Buenos Aires, Argentina Installed September 2014 HI collocation: imminent Both instruments working well 12 PM 2.5 = 10 μg/m 3

14. Rehovot, Israel Installed February 2015 HI collocation: not yet Both instruments working well 1-week intensive sampling May 3 – 10 during Lag Bahomer Campaign 2015 13 PM 2.5 = 15 μg/m 3 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lag_BaOmer

15. Hanoi, Vietnam Installed April 2015 No filter data…yet! Harvard Impactor: Not yet First site using new nephelometer inlet Filter sampler and nephelometer working well 14

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17. Global PM 2.5 /AOD ratio No clear global bias in measured vs. modeled values PM 2.5 /AOD ratio varies by a factor of 4 across sites 16

18. 17 9-day filter exchange Daily filter exchange Date (mm/dd/yy)

19. Summary New nephelometer inlet installed in Hanoi SPARTAN sampling ongoing at 9 sites! PM 2.5 mass concentrations, scatter, AOD, and chemical speciation results are collected at all locations Initial SPARTAN PM 2.5 /AOD results have been obtained New site coming in Pretoria, South Africa! 18 Thank you!