1. CO 2 capture and storage Presented by Heleen de Coninck Energy research Centre of the Netherlands

2. What is CO 2 capture and storage? Fuels Processes Transport Storage options IPCC, 2005

3. Global role of CO 2 capture and storage IEA, 2008 Developed and developing countries Power and industry

4. CCS: which CO 2 sources? Coal-, gas- or biomass-fired power Biomass conversion Cement Iron/steel Refineries Natural gas production (“Sweetening” of gas) Ammonia production Ethylene production

5. Storage prospectivity Highly prospective sedimentary basins Prospective sedimentary basins Non-prospective sedimentary basins, metamorphic and igneous rock Data quality and availability vary among regions Snøhvit Weyburn/Midale In-Salah Sleipner Current CCS projects Images Courtesy of BP, Statoil, and PTRC

6. CCS has many challenges Energy requirements for capture Making it unattractive in countries with energy shortages Limited storage potential Best in oil/gas producing regions Costs, absence of incentive Risk of impermanent storage Legal framework Environmental impacts Public perception

7. CCS is mature in some sectors and regions, but in the demonstration phase in others Analysis shows lower global mitigation cost with CCS than without it, though costs are high Some industries cannot achieve deep emission reductions without CCS The only reason to do CCS is CO 2 reduction CCS has not much to do with access to energy But can be part of an industrial development strategy Main messages