1. 10/11/11 Chapter 1A It’s ALIVE or is it

2. 10/11/11 Section 1 Characteristics of living things: There are 6 that all organisms share Living things have cells Living things sense and respond to change Living things reproduce Living things have DNA Living things use energy Living things grow and develop

3. 10/11/11 Living things have cells….. All living things are made of cells Cell – a membrane bound structure that contains all the necessary things for life Some organisms are made of only one cell – UNICELLULAR Some organisms are made of more than one cell - MULTICELLULAR

4. 10/11/11 Unicellular….. Amoeba Euglena Paramecium

5. 10/11/11 Multicellular…..

6. 10/11/11 Living things sense and respond to change… Organisms respond to a STIMULUS – STIMULUS …….anything that causes a change in the organisms activities

7. 10/11/11 Why????? To maintain HOMEOSTASIS – Maintaining a stable internal environment Keeping your body temp. @ 98.6

8. 10/11/11 Living Things Reproduce….. 2 Types of Reproduction: – Asexual – Sexual

9. 10/11/11 Asexual Reproduction Only involves one parent Offspring look identical to parent Examples: -Starfish – Strawberry – Bacteria – Amoeba

10. 10/11/11 Sexual Reproduction Involves 2 parents Offspring look similar to both parents Examples: Human Fish Dogs Cats

11. 10/11/11 Living Things Have DNA….. DNA – Deoxyribonucleic Acid - used by cells to make protein - passed on to new cells during reproduction

12. 10/11/11 Living Things Use Energy….. Organisms need energy to carry out these processes The rate at which your body uses energy is your METABOLISM

13. 10/11/11 Living Things Grow and Develop….. All organisms grow and go through changes during periods of their lives

14. 10/11/11 Section 2 The simple bare necessities of life: » Food » Water » Air » Space

15. 10/11/11 Food All organisms need food…..WHY ? Producers – makes food Example – plant

16. 10/11/11 Consumers – eat food Example - cow

17. 10/11/11 Decomposer – breaks down dead organisms for their food Example: termites

18. 10/11/11 Water Most cells are made of water…how much? – About 70% – Why so much ? » To help run all the processes necessary to keep the cell alive

19. 10/11/11 Air Mixture of several gases Two of the most commonly used gases: Oxygen Carbon Dioxide

20. 10/11/11 Space An organism will try to keep it’s niche the same – Niche…..the environment where the organism lives with the effect of all living and non-living factors in that environment – Some organisms need more area than others

21. 10/11/11 Section 3 The Chemistry of life: – Everything is made of atoms – Approx. 100 kinds of atoms – Atoms are the smallest particles to make up things

22. 10/11/11 Atoms make up….. Molecules – 2 or more atoms joined together Found in living things are made up of different combinations of 6 elements: C – Carbon H – Hydrogen O – Oxygen N – Nitrogen P – Phosphorus S – Sulfur

23. 10/11/11 Atoms also make up….. Elements – made of all one atoms

24. 10/11/11 Proteins….. Second most abundant in cells Made of Amino Acids We eat foods high in protein, our body breaks the protein into amino acids, then they are reassembled inside the cells of our body

25. 10/11/11 Proteins…..

26. 10/11/11 Proteins….. Found in what foods ?

27. 10/11/11 Carbohydrates….. Made of sugars Used as an energy source 2 types of Carbohydrates Simple Complex

28. 10/11/11 Carbohydrates….. Simple – made of one sugar molecule or a few sugar molecules linked together

29. 10/11/11 Carbohydrates….. Complex – made of hundreds of sugar molecules linked together

30. 10/11/11 Lipids….. Compounds that can not mix with water Some store energy Some form the membrane of cells

31. 10/11/11 Lipids….. Fats and Oils – Store energy - get burned after carbohydrates

32. 10/11/11 Lipids….. Phospholipids – form the cell membrane - heads like water - tails do not like water

33. 10/11/11 Nucleic Acids….. Made up of Nucleotides A Nucleotide is made of » Sugar » Phosphate » Base

34. 10/11/11 Nucleotides….. DNA is made of Nucleotides

35. 10/11/11 The Cell’s Fuels….. ATP – Adenosinetriphosphate is the major fuel used by cells.