2. Unit 10 Text I From Composer to Interpreter to Listener Text II The Jazz Scene

3.  Text I Text I  Text II Text II  Oral Work Oral Work  ListeningListening

4.  Pre-reading ActivityPre-reading Activity  StructureStructure  Vocabulary AcquisitionVocabulary Acquisition  Intensive ReadingIntensive Reading Text 1: From Composer to Interpreter to Listener

5. 1.Can you list some great names of composer? 2.Could you tell the meaning of “interpreter” in the title? 1.Can you list some great names of composer? 2.Could you tell the meaning of “interpreter” in the title? Text I Pre-reading Activity

6. Read the text, and then try to write down or identify the topic sentence of each paragraph. Text I Pre-reading Activity Para 1.The composer gives us himself. Para 2. Para 3. Para 4. Sentence 1. It’s the interaction of personality and period that results in the formation of a composer’s style. The interpreter is a kind of middle man in music. Para 5.The interpreter exists to serve the composer. Para 6. The first real interpretative problem is presented by the notes themselves.

7. Read the text, and then try to write down or identify the topic sentence of each paragraph. Text I Pre-reading Activity Para 7. Para 8. Para 9. A composition is capable of being seen in a different light and from different angles by various interpreters or even by the same interpreter at different times. Only a listener who really involves himself is of importance to music or the makers of music. Sentence 1. Para 10.Sentence 1. Para 11.Sentence 1.

8. Text I Structure

9. Text I Vocabulary Acquisition Read the text once and Try to write down the meaning of following words that best fits the context. 4. embody (L.7) 6. mirror (L.12) 7. epoch (L.22) 9. leeway (L.46) 12. taste (L. 75) 13. unprejudiced (L. 78) Give a concrete form to To reflect / show as in a mirror A period of time in history marked by special events or characteristics Flexibility; the chance to act freely Ability to make good judgments in beauty, music, etc Not showing unfair or biased judgment

10. Text I Vocabulary Acquisition Read the text once and Try to write down the meaning of following words that best fits the context. 3. streaked (L.13) 4. frailty (L.14) 5. assimilate (L.40) 6. elucidation (L.41) 11. bespeaks (L. 68) 12. sensitivity (L. 76) Slightly marked A weakness of character or behavior Absorb, understand thoroughly (further) explanation Shows, indicates [very formal] Quick awareness of feeling in others

11. That part which embodies the fullest and deepest expression … 1. to be a very good example of an idea or quality [synonym] represent e.g. She embodies everything I admire in a teacher. 2. [formal] to include something e.g. The latest model embodies many new improvements. Task: Translate 言语具体表现各种思想和感情。 Words embody thoughts and feelings.

12. It will always mirror that personality. He's honest but he lacks personality. He was an ambitious man with a strong personality He clearly has some kind of personality disorder Examples: Task: Translate 常言道， “ 文如其人 ” 。我认为，一个作家的 个性在很大程度上会体现在其作品的风格上。 As a common saying goes, “The style is the man”. I believe that a writer’s personality is, to a large extent, embodied in his or her style of writing.

13. His character may be streaked with human frailties. 1. vi. to run or fly somewhere so fast you can hardly be seen streak across/along/down etc e.g. Two jets streaked across the sky. 2. to cover something with lines of colour, liquid etc e.g. The sky was streaked yellow and purple. e.g. His hands and arms were streaked with paint. Task: Translate 印第安人过去常用颜料在脸上涂条纹。 The Indians used to streak their faces with paint.

14. …is expressed within the framework of his own period. 1. a set of ideas, rules, or beliefs from which something is developed, or on which decisions are based e.g. This paper provides a framework for future research. 2. Social / legal / political etc framework e.g. We have to act within the existing legal framework.

15. Each important composer has several different styles corresponding to the influences of his.... Task: Translate 她的工作符合她的志趣。 Her job corresponds with her interests. The two pictures of the document did not correspond. correspond with/to The numbers correspond to points on the map. correspond closely/exactly/precisely to something The description of these events corresponds closely to other accounts written at the time. His actions do not correspond with his words. 他言行不一。

16. Not so much…as… / not so much as The oceans do not so much divide the world as unite it. He didn’t so much as thank me for returning his money that I found. 与其说 …… 不如说 …… 连 …… 都不 ( 肯 )

17. Not so much…as… / not so much as Science moves forward, they say, not so much through the insights of great men of genius as because of more ordinary things like improved techniques and tools. (1994 年考研试题 ) Task: Translate following sentence into Chinese 他们说，科学的发展与其说源于天才伟人的斟知酌见，不如说源于改进 了的技术和工具等更为普通的东西。 The conveniences that Americans desire reflect not so much a leisurely lifestyle as busy lifestyle in which even minutes of time are too valuable to be wasted. (1995 年考研试题 ) 美国人所需要的各种便利条件与其说是反映一种从容不迫的生活方式， 还不如说反映一种忙碌的生活方式。在这种忙碌的生活方式中甚至几分 钟时间都得珍惜。

18. Must turn it over to the tender mercies of an interpretive artist. 1. leave somebody to somebody's (tender) mercies to let someone be dealt with by another person, who may treat them very badly or strictly - used humorously 2. at the mercy of somebody/something e.g. After the boat's motor failed, they were at the mercy of the weather. abandon sb. to the mercy of 听任某人由... 摆布 at the mercy of 在... 的掌握之中, 完全受... 支配, 任... 摆布 in one's mercy 出于恻隐之心 leave to the mercies of sb. 听任某人粗暴对待 ; 听任某人任意摆布

19. Must turn it over to the tender mercies of an interpretive artist. Task: Translate 他在债权人地任意摆布下，处境十分危急。 His situation was desperate as he was now left to the tender mercies of his creditors. They were lost at the sea, at the mercy of the wind and weather. 他们在海上迷了路, 任凭风和天气的摆布。

20. All are agreed that he exists to serve the composer. be agreed if people are agreed, they have discussed something and agree about what to do be agreed on e.g. All parties are now agreed on the plan. be agreed that e.g. We're all agreed that we cannot spend what we have not earned.

21. To assimilate and recreate the composer’s message. To completely understand and begin to use new ideas, information etc [synonym] absorb e.g. It will take time to assimilate all these facts. Task: Translate 我们对某些种类的食物比别的食物容易吸收。 We assimilate some kinds of food more easily than others. 美国同化了许多来自欧洲国家的移民。 The U. S. A. has assimilated people from many European countries.

22. We can take technical proficiency for granted. take it for granted (that) to believe that something is true without making sure He just took it for granted that he would pass the exam. take somebody/something for granted to expect that someone or something will always be there when you need them and never think how important or useful they are The teacher take Tom’s late for granted.

23. The interpreter is forever confronted with the problem of how... We try to help people confront their problems. 1. be confronted with something Customers are confronted with a bewildering amount of choice. 2. to accuse someone of doing something, especially by showing them the proof confront somebody with/about something I confronted him with my suspicions, and he admitted everything. I haven't confronted her about it yet.

24. It is capable of being seen in a different light and from different angles. throw/shed/cast light on something to provide new information that makes a difficult subject or problem easier to understand e.g. Melanie was able to shed some light on the situation. These discoveries may throw new light on the origins of the universe. in (the) light of something if you do or decide something in the light of something else, you do it after considering that thing e.g. In light of this tragic event, we have cancelled the 4th of July celebrations.

25. It is capable of being seen in a different light and from different angles. in a new/different/bad etc light if someone or something is seen or shown in a particular light, people can see that particular part of their character e.g. I suddenly saw my father in a new light. This incident will put the company in a very bad light. light at the end of the tunnel something that gives you hope for the future after a long and difficult period e.g. It's been a hard few months, but we're finally beginning to see the light at the end of the tunnel.

26. The combined efforts of composer and interpreter have meaning only in so far as they go out to an intelligent body of hearers. In so far as: to the extent that, to the point that, as far as e.g. You will have a good working knowledge of English only in so far as you practice frequently. An individual can win the people’s respect only in so far as he she is willing to serve them whole-heartedly.

27. Why can jazz not be analyzed? How did jazz come into existence? What was the main difference between ragtime and jazz? What kept the serious musicians from producing ragtime successfully? What are the two present separate styles of jazz? Why can jazz not be analyzed? How did jazz come into existence? What was the main difference between ragtime and jazz? What kept the serious musicians from producing ragtime successfully? What are the two present separate styles of jazz? Text II Extensive Reading Questions The Jazz Scene