1.  Humanities Tutorial Tuesday 9 th June

2. Lesson Goals  I will learn about Ancient Chinese Philosophy  I will be able to describe Legalism, Confusianism and Daoism.  I can differentiate between and recognise the differences in the 3 types of Ancient Chinese philosophy.

3. Circle Discussion  Why do you think we exist on earth?  What is the meaning of life?  What is the most important thing to strive for in our lives?

4. Philosophy What does the word philosophy mean? In your own words, write down in your books what you believe it means (define it from your knowledge). Don’t use iPads for this!

5. Ancient Chinese Philosophy  There were 3 main types of philosophy during the Qin Dynasty :  Legalism  Confucianism  Daoism  Each of these ideas tried to explain humanity’s place within the universe, the best way to create a good society and how to become a better person.

6. Legalism  Legalism was developed during the warring states period of the Qin Dynasty, a period of constant fighting and destruction between states.  The theory is based around achieving peace and calming warring sides. It outlines the code of the Qin dynasty

7. Legalism  Legalism believes the only way to achieve peace was to have a strong government and strict laws.  Laws needed to be severe and punishments had to be harsh so that people would follow the laws. It was believed that if people obeyed the laws, then they would work together and peace would be achieved.  This philosophy put the rights of individuals below the rights of the government, meaning that even the emperor had to follow all of the laws! Punish severely the light crimes.... If light offences do not occur, serious ones have no chance of coming..... (Lord Shang, Legalist Philosopher, 1928)

8. Confucianism  Confucianism was created by Confucius, a Chinese scholar. Born into poverty, Confucius was orphaned as a child and this harsh childhood developed his way of thinking.  Confucianism is based around the idea of how a person can live a better life and how to create a good society ruled by a good government. He who learns but does not think, is lost! He who thinks but does not learn is in great danger. Confucius

9. Confucianism Living a better life:  Confucius believed that the best type of person was someone who acted honestly towards others. He criticized people who sought profit or who acted simply for their own personal gain. Good Government:  Confucius believed that only a good government and a kind emperor could create a good society. He disagreed with the Legalism view of strict laws and punishment. He believed that an emperor created a good society by setting an example for his people to follow.

10. Confucianism The importance of family:  Confucius believed family relationships needed to be strong and harmonious for society to prosper. He believed that a family prospered when children practiced filial piety (showing great respect to their parents) When anger rises, think of the consequences. Confucius

11. Daoism  Daoism focused on the individual rather than the creation of a good government or a happy family. It aimed to teach people how to achieve a happy and peaceful life.  The Yin and Yang were central to achieving a happy life. The Yin (passive force) and the Yang (active force) need to be equal and work in harmony because too much Yin or Yang will cause disorder and misfortune.

12. Daoism  The Dao (or The Way) influenced the fate of all things, even the heavens and gods. Ancient Chinese believe that the Dao cannot be explained in words, but it could be understood by observing its influence within the world.  Once someone understood the Dao, they could act in accordance with its influence and then find happiness.

13. How much do you know about Chinese Philosophy? 1. Complete the worksheet on Chinese Philosophy 2. Complete the wordsearch on the Shang and Zhou dynasties. 3. Taskcard time!