1. “Social Dance and Jazz”
CHAPTER 3
“Social Dance and Jazz”

2. Chapter 3 (outline) Technology and the Music Business “Freak Dances”
James Reese Europe and the Castles
(Early) Jazz as Popular Music
Dance Music in the Jazz Age
Latin Dance Music

3. James Reese Europe (1881-1919) Classically trained
“Clef Club Orchestra” (NYC)
Society Orchestra (w/ Castles)
WWI - 369th Regiment Band “Harlem Hellfighters”
“Just before Jazz” style
Exs. - James Reese Europe the Hellfighters - YouTube - How ya gonna keep em down on the Farm - Lt. - James Reese Europe - Castle House Rag – YouTube [Textbook Example: p. 84] - Ampico Lexington 88n - Monkey Doodle (James Reese Europe) - YouTube

4. Jazz (“Jass”) Af-Am influences on Dance Music (1890s-1920s)
Buddy Bolden Band (1905)
Af-Am influences on Dance Music (1890s-1920s)
New Orleans (Storyville)
Mixture of ….
- Band Music
- Funeral Processions
- Mardi Gras celebrations
- Ragtime (piano music)
- Latin/Caribbean beat
Used for dances/parties
Small irregular groups (primarily winds & brass, bass & drums)

5. Original Dixieland Jazz Band
1st commercial “jass” band
All white NOLA musicians
Chicago (c )
NYC (early 1917)
Recordings (March 1917) - Original Dixieland Jass Band plays "Livery Stable Blues" on Victor FIRST JAZZ RECORD
“Novelty” record (?)
“Hot” style (syncopated) - cornet lead (Nick LaRocca) - clarinet & trombone countermelodies - rhythm section (piano & drums = steady beat)

6. “Tiger Rag” Rec. 17 Aug 1917 (low sales)
Rec. 25 March 1918 (smash hit)
Jazz “Standard”
Based on NOLA tunes & ragtime
Cornet lead
Clarinet – high countermelody
Trombone – “Tailgate” style
Piano & drums (march-like)
Group “improvisation” (somewhat)
Text book Ex.: p. 87: Original Dixieland Jazz Band - Tiger rag

7. King Oliver’s Creole Jazz Band
Joe “King” Oliver ( )
- To Chicago (1919)
- Creole Jazz Band (1922)
- Recordings on Gennett (1923)
Louis Armstrong (2nd cornet)
Poor businessman (Oliver)
- CJB disbands in 1924
- out of music by 1931
Textbook Ex., p. 88: King Oliver's Creole Jazz Band:- "Dipper Mouth Blues" (1923) – YouTube
12-bar Blues (3 4mm phrases)
Form = Intro, A (2x), B (2x) [clarinet], A, C (3x) [cornet wah-wah], A

8. Other “Hot” Bands
McKinney’s Cotton Pickers - McKinney's Cotton Pickers "BABY WON'T YOU PLEASE COME HOME" (1930) - YouTube
Duke Ellington (“Jungle Music”) - Duke Ellington & his Cotton Club Band - Old Man Blues (1930) Check and Double Check
Jean Goldkette - My Pretty Girl - Jean Goldkette and His Orchestra – YouTube
Casa Loma Orchestra - Glen Gray and the Casa Loma Orchestra

9. Noble Sissle (1899-1975) & Eubie Blake (1887-1983)
Both members of James Reese Europe’s bands
Songwriting team
Shuffle Along ( ) - all black cast - integrated audience (!)
“I’m Just Wild About Harry”
Exs. - Vaughn De Leath sings "I'm Just Wild About Harry" on Gennett 4905, song by Noble Sissle and Eubie Blake - Eubie Blake and his "Shuffle Along" Orchestra - Bandana Days (1921) - YouTube

10. Paul Whiteman (1890-1967) Classical training West Coast dance bands
MUH 2019 (FALL 2015)
4/25/2017
Paul Whiteman ( )
Classical training
West Coast dance bands
Navy – concert band
“Symphonic Jazz” - syncopated dance music - strict arrangements
“King of Jazz” - self-described - strong marketing
“White” version of jazz history
Day Oct 15

11. Paul Whiteman and His Orchestra
San Francisco ( ) – syncopated dance orchestra
Ambassador Orchestra (Atlantic City, NJ) – 1920s
Top-Notch Arrangers: Ferde Grofé, Fletcher Henderson (!)
White Jazz Musicians: Bix Beiderbecke, Dorsey Brothers
1st Recordings – 1920 for Victor Talking Machine (RCA)
“An Experiment in Modern Music” (1924) Rhapsody in Blue
Leading Figure through mid-1930s (movies, radio, etc.)
Over 600 recordings

12. Whiteman Band Examples
Ex. - Paul Whiteman-"Whispering" – YouTube (1st recording – weeks as # 1)
Ex. - Japanese Sandman - Paul Whiteman and his Orchestra (1920) ( weeks as # 1)
Ex. - Paul Whiteman - My Blue Heaven (1927) – YouTube (1927 – 1 week at # 1)
Ex. - Song Of India - Paul Whiteman – YouTube (1921 – 5 weeks at # 1)
Ex. - "China Boy" by Paul Whiteman – YouTube

13. Edward Kennedy “Duke” Ellington (1899-1974)
Washington, DC - Black middle class family - “society” piano
NYC freelance
“Washingtonians” (his band) - Club Kentucky (1923)
Move to Cotton Club (1924) - “Jungle Music”
“Bubber” Miley (trumpet) - mutes & “growls”
Textbook Ex., p East St. Louis Toodle-Oo (1927) HQ - Duke Ellington and his Kentucky Club Orchestra - YouTube

14. Latin Influences
MUH 2019 (FALL 2014)
4/25/2017
Bands w/ Latin-American Musicians in US (late 1920s-30s)
Don Azpiazú and his Havana Casino Orchestra (NYC, 1930)
“El Manisero” (“The Peanut Vendor”) [textbook, p ] - “Son” tradition mixed w/ “pregón” (street cries)
Begins “Rumba” (& other Latin) dance craze
“Clave” : ||: 1, (2) &, (3), 4 | (1), 2, 3, (4) :|| [repeat]
Ex. Don Azpiazu & His Havana Casino Orchestra - El Manisero (The Peanut Vendor) - YouTube
Day Oct 15

15. “I Got Rhythm” : The Golden Age of Tin Pan Alley Song, 1920s and 1930s
CHAPTER 4
“I Got Rhythm” : The Golden Age of Tin Pan Alley Song, 1920s and 1930s