1. Advanced Engineering Research Engineering and Computer Science Library Winter 2011

2. Session objectives  Focus, systematize your searches  Select best search tools  Gain context, comprehensiveness  Keep up to date  Organize search results

3. Assumptions Catalogue searching Books, encyclopedias

4. Research 101 GeneralEncyclopedias Textbooks Books Review Articles Primary Articles, SpecificStandards, Technical Papers, etc. Specific

5. Controlled language (thesauri) overcomes keyword limitations Good sorting functions Identify general or literature review articles easily Limit searches to specific treatments of topics: e.g., experimental, theoretical, applications, economic Advanced citation search features – identify significant papers, authors; track development of research through time Article Databases

6. Building A Search Strategy Before you begin searching in a database, you will have: 1. Defined the focus of your question 2. Identified the key concepts e.g. remediation of groundwater after mercury contamination

7. Search Strategy Now you need to find alternate terms for your key concepts:  broader, narrower, related terms  acronyms  plural/singular, spelling variations - use the truncation symbol, usually *

8. broadening your search Concept #1 groundwater subsurface water Concept #2 remediationbioremediationamelioration Concept #3 mercuryheavy metals

9. Use wildcard * to broaden search further

10. Keywords searches titles, abstracts, subject headings problems  Typos in the database  False drops  You pick the wrong keywords you pick program evaluation, they use benchmarking, TQM, outcome assessment…

11. Thesaurus Searching uses a built-in list of subject terms  terms are assigned no matter what keywords the author uses  enables consistency  Powerful way to search

12. Finding engineering article databases Start at: engineering.library.utoronto.ca

13. Full-text Access

14. Practice time Finding articles  While discussing your research with your advisor, she mentions a useful article from 2005 by Gothelf & LaBean. She doesn’t remember the title exactly, just that it was about DNA and nanostructures. You’d like to find the article to read more.  Use the General Search in Web of Science to find it.

15. Quiz  How many times has it been cited?  Do we have this available online?  Does Compendex have this entry?

16. How many times has it been cited? Pink 4023 Blue 22 Orange 123 Green 0

17. Do we have this available online? Pink – Yes Blue - No

18. Does Compendex have this entry? Pink – No Blue - Yes

19. Gaining context, comprehensiveness: some strategies Use citation databases identify significant authors, significant papers by times cited Use databases that isolate review articles experts identify significant literature, authors reveal gaps in existing body of research identify controversies quickly Use thesis/dissertation databases who has been doing what? get a fairly complete picture quickly

20. Using citation information Web of Science Scopus Google Scholar SciFinder Scholar …and others

21. Identify key documents using citation data Form your own opinions Use citation data Pitfalls Famous papers widely accepted, therefore no longer cited Important papers not written in English not cited in English literature High cites may not measure QUALITY of a study, but may measure INFLUENCE author bias magnified Citation Data

22. Best databases for isolating review articles: Compendex via EI Village platform Web of Science via ISI platform

23. Practice time – Web of Science on ISI platform) 1. Do a search for cytochrome* and electrochem* 2. Sort the result list by Times Cited. How many times has the top article been cited? 3. Now use the Analyze button to analyze by author. Who has the most papers?

24. Sort the result list by Times Cited. How many times has the top article been cited? Pink:493 Blue:1208 Green:448 Orange:1998

25. Now use the Analyze button to analyze by author. Who has the most papers? Pink: Dong, SJ Blue: Sola, M Green: Bianco, P Orange: Borsari, M

26. Theses/dissertations databases (best: Dissertations & Theses Fulltext)

27. Getting more information on (any) type of journal: Ulrich’s Periodical Directory Check whether journal is refereed ISI Journal Citation Reports Journal evaluation tool Use it to determine significant journals in your field

28. Alerting Services  Great way to keep up with your area of research  Email alerts are sent after every database update  Sent if the update contains any new records that match your saved query  May be daily, weekly or monthly

30. Web of Science also has a citation alert.

31. So, which ones to use? A strategy: Select 2 or 3 or even 4 likely databases, e.g., Compendex, Web of Science, Scopus Construct a search Use appropriate syntax, limits Use citation management software such as Endnote or RefWorks to manage citations, eliminate duplicates

32. Organizing (& presenting) research results : Citation management software  Select  Annotate  Organize  Output approved-style reference lists  Format bibliographies, in-text citations in documents

33. RefWorks refworks.scholarsportal.info Free for U of T students, staff, faculty No software installation necessary: browser- based Organize & cite almost anything:  Journal articles  Book chapters  Library sources  Internet sources RefWorks instruction session February 16, 12:10- 1:00

34. Other citation management programs: EndNote, ProCite, Reference Manager comparisons, trial versions: http://thomsonreuters.com/ available at the U of T Computer Bookstore: Discounts for students

35. http://refworks.scholarsportal.info

36. create approved-style bibliographies from specific folders of citations

37. example bibliography: IEEE-style

38. Other Sources of Information Standards Codes Technical Reports Conference Proceedings Laws/regulations

39. Quiz Which database(s) can you use to find review articles? Pink : Scopus Blue: Web of Science Green: Compendex Orange: Scholars Portal Search

40. Which database(s) can you use to get citation information? Pink: Compendex Blue: Web of Science Green: Scopus Orange: Scholars Portal Search

41. What kinds of materials can you usually find in a database such as Compendex? Pink: Peer-reviewed articles Blue: Magazine articles Green: Patents Orange: Codes

42. Getting Help email – engineering.library@utoronto.ca phone: 416-978-6578 10 King’s College Road, Room 2402

43. Questions?

44. One Last Quiz… 1)Which library’s web page is the best place to start at when accessing engineering resources that U of T has paid for?

45. 2) When is the RefWorks workshop?

46. Thank you! Michelle Baratta Engineering & Computer Science Library michelle.baratta@utoronto.ca 416-946-0389