1. Brain Hemisphere Organization

2. 2

3. The Thinking Part of the Brain: Components of the Cerebrum
Cerebral Hemispheres
left and right halves of cerebrum
Corpus Callosum
connects the two hemispheres
Cerebral Cortex
thin outer covering of cerebrum
responsible for higher mental processes of language, memory, and thinking
2.8 What are the components of
the cerebrum?

4. The Thinking Part of the Brain: Components of the Cerebrum
Two Views of the Cerebral Hemispheres 4

5. The Thinking Part of the Brain: Components of the Cerebrum
The cerebral cortex contains 3 types of areas.
Sensory Input Areas
vision, hearing, touch, pressure, and temperature register
Motor Areas
control voluntary movement
Association Areas
Higher mental functions such as memory, thought, learning, perception, and language
2.8 What are the components of
the cerebrum?

6. The Thinking Part of the Brain: Components of the Cerebrum
Lateralization
the specialization of one of the cerebral hemispheres to handle a particular function
Left Hemisphere
controls the right side of the body
handles most language functions
specialized for mathematics and logic
2.9 What are the specialized
functions of the left and right
cerebral hemispheres?

7. The Thinking Part of the Brain: Components of the Cerebrum
Right Hemisphere
controls left side of body
Excels in making inferences
foot, cry, glass =
Boot, summer, ground =
interprets emotional messages conveyed by tone of voice and gestures
What’s in the road ahead?
is specialized for visual-spatial relations
cut
camp
2.9 What are the specialized
functions of the left and right
cerebral hemispheres? ,

8. Lateralized Functions of the Brain Assigning functions to one hemisphere or the other allows the brain to function more efficiently. 8

9. When the Brain is Split
Corpus callosum is absent or has been surgically modified.
Only the verbal left hemisphere can report what it sees.
The left hemisphere does not see what is flashed to the right hemisphere; the right hemisphere is unable to report verbally what it has viewed.
2.9 What are the specialized
functions of the left and right

10. Testing a Split-Brain Person
In an experiment, a visual image (an orange) is flashed on the right side of the screen, it is transmitted to the left (talking) hemisphere. When asked what he sees, the split-brain patient replies, “I see an orange.” 10

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12. Testing a Split-Brain Person
When an image (an apple) is flashed on the left side of the screen, it is transmitted only to the right (nonverbal) hemisphere. Because the split-brain patient’s left (language) hemisphere did not receive the image, he replies, “I see nothing.” But he can pick out the apple by touch if he uses his left hand, proving that the right hemisphere “saw” the apple. 12

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15. Split Brain Experiments
The Divided Brain

16. Right-Left Differences in the Intact Brain
Hemispheric Specialization
Perceptual tasks
Language
Sense of self
Handedness
Pat Venditte