1. INTRO TO SPATIAL DATA ANALYSIS JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting

2. Content  Modeling our World  Modeling our World with GIS  Spatial Questions vs. Attribute Questions  Results  Terms to Know  Coordinate Reference System (CRS) Geographic Coordinates Projection  Shapefile  Layer  QGIS 1.8 Lisboa 2 JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting

3. Modeling our World JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting 3  We describe any element of our world in 2 ways:

4. Modeling our World with GIS JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting 4  A Geographic Information System (GIS) links location data and attribute data

5. Spatial Questions vs. Attribute Questions JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting 5  In a GIS data can be queried spatially or by attributes:

6. Results JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting 6

7. Terms to Know JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting 7  Coordinate Reference System (CRS)  Geographic Coordinates  Projection  Shapefile  Layer

8. Terms to Know – Coordinate Reference System 8  Geographic Coordinates  0° (Degree) Latitude  Equator  0° (Degree) Longitude  Greenwich (GB)  Ottawa: 45°N, 75°W JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting NEVER MEASURE IN DEGREES!!

9. Terms to Know – Coordinate Reference System 9  Map Projections  Method to represent the surface of a sphere(3D) on a plane (2D) Coordinates are now in measurement units like meters, km, feet, miles,… JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting

10. 10 Terms to Know – Coordinate Reference System Projected [m]Unprojected [degrees]

11. JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting 11  Projections always distort surfaces!  Different projections based on location and purpose of map Terms to Know – Coordinate Reference System Shape Area Direction Size

12. Terms to Know - Shapefile JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting 12  File containing information about the shape of objects, their attributes and locations Shape Polygon Line Point Location Geographic Coordinates in Latitude / Longitude Projected Coordinates in Measurement Units Address Attributes Any kind of detail about the feature: height, length, name, color, etc. File_Name.shp

13. Terms to Know - Layer JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting 13  Represent the World as Layers of Information or Themes Layers are saved as Shapefiles

14. QGIS 1.8 Lisboa JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting 14 TOC = Table Of Contents Shapefiles and Tables show here as so called “Layers”. Main Window or Canvas Data display area. Coordinates and Scale Coordinate Reference System (CRS)

15. References JOU-1526 Computer Assisted Reporting 15  Map Projections: http://egsc.usgs.gov/isb/pubs/MapProjections/proj ections.html  http://www.electoralgeography.com/new/en/count ries/c/canada/canada-legislative-election- 2011.html  http://datajournalism.stanford.edu/  http://votecompass.ca/