1. by Georgi Boyanov BUS 449a: Change Management

2.  Statistics  History  Medicinal recipes  Vaccines  Innovation  Mergers & Acquisitions

4.  Revenues: $980 billion annually;  The Big Three: ◦ Novartis (Swiss) - $46 billion revenue, $9.3 billion R&D ◦ Pfizer (US) - $44.5 billion revenue, $7.1 billion R&D ◦ Roche (Swiss) - $40 billion revenue, $8.6 billion R&D  US Market – 40% of the global market;  Development of a new drug: ◦ From research to market – 13-16 years; ◦ Costs between $1-11 billion, average is $4 billion

5.  Mid 19 th century – from botanical remedies to manufacturing

6.  Beginning of 20 th century: ◦ Regulation – from independent small scale manufacturers to controlled premarket approvals  Recipes:

7.  Beginning of the 20 th century: ◦ Pneumonia ◦ Tuberculosis ◦ Infections  Penicillin - 1928  Vaccines – prevention rather than control ◦ Polio ◦ Tuberculosis ◦ Measles

9.  The change towards “Personalized Medicine”: ◦ The right treatment for the right person at the right time…  Vertical integration  Supporting regulations

10. Thank you for your attention!