1. And the earth hath He appointed for His creatures. wherein are fruit and sheathed palm trees.husked grain and scented herb. which is it of the favours of your Lord that ye deny?.

2. Digestion and Absorption. Lipids

3. . 1.Triglycerides 2.Cholesterol 3.Cholesterol esters 4.Phospholipids Dietary Lipids

4. . Digestion of Lipids Enzymes Lipases ( hydrolyze fa from triglycerides) chain lenghchain lengh pHpHEmulsification Bile salts

5. y Differentiate between micelles & chylomicrons.

6. Emulsification of lipids occurs in : a.Liver b.Gall bladder c.Stomach d.Deudenum e.Jejunum.

7. . Lipases 1.Lingual 2.Gastric Short and Medium Chain FA

8. 1.Pancreatic lipase 2.Colipase 3.Cholesterol esterase 4.Phospholipase a2 5.Lysophospholipase. Pancreatic Enzymes

9. . Lipases ColipaseColipase (activated by trypsin) Pancreatic lipasePancreatic lipase FA of all chain lengthsFA of all chain lengths Position 1 & 3 of tgPosition 1 & 3 of tg Producing free fa & 2 magProducing free fa & 2 mag

10. . CholecystokininSecretin Control of lipid digestion digestion

11. . TRIACYLGLYCEROL 2 MONOACYLGLYCEROL

12. . Cholesterol esterase (requires bile salts)

13. . Phospholipase A2 activated by trypsin Requires bile salts PHOSPHOLIPID LYSOPHOSPHOLIPID

14. . Lysophospholipase LYSOPHOSPHOLIPID GLCERYLPHOSPHORYL BASE

15. . Bile Salts ( hydrophobic and hydrophilic) CCK Pancreatic enzymes Contraction of gall bladder

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35. Storing fat TG in blood (CM & VLDL) Insulin activates LPL on vessel wall LPL binds CM or VLDL & extracts TG Breaks down TG into Glcerol & 3 Fas Enter cell.

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37. . ______________ _____________ Krebs ETS ATP C-C-C C-C C-C C-C C-C

38. . Clinical aspects lipid digestion Alcohol excessAlcohol excess Obstructive jaundiceObstructive jaundice AbetalipoproteinemiaAbetalipoproteinemia Cystic fibrosisCystic fibrosis

39. . Alcohol excess Inflammatory process in pancreasInflammatory process in pancreas Proteinaceous plugs in small pancreatic ductsProteinaceous plugs in small pancreatic ducts back pressure injury autodigestion of acini

40. . C/F SteatorrheaSteatorrheaTreatment Commercial preparation of pancreatic enzymesCommercial preparation of pancreatic enzymes Avoid alcoholAvoid alcohol Alcohol excess

41. . Obstructive Jaundice Obstruction of common bile ductObstruction of common bile duct CholestasisCholestasis Dietary fats not readily emulsified & digestedDietary fats not readily emulsified & digested

42. . Obstructive Jaundice C/F JaundiceJaundice Clay colored stoolClay colored stool Dark urineDark urine Fat soluble vitamin deficiencyFat soluble vitamin deficiency

43. . Abetalipoproteinemia Cannot form chylomicrons or VLDLCannot form chylomicrons or VLDL TG accumulate in intestinal & liver cellsTG accumulate in intestinal & liver cells Blood lipoproteins lowBlood lipoproteins low Deficiency of fat sol vitamins & essential FADeficiency of fat sol vitamins & essential FA

44. HDL Chylomicrons LDL. In abetalipoproteinemia following is not present in blood?

45. Human vs cow’s milk Human Long chain polyunsaturated fa Long chain polyunsaturated fa Important for brain development Important for brain development Pancreatic lipase & bile salts low in newborn Pancreatic lipase & bile salts low in newborn Lingual & gastric lipases Lingual & gastric lipases Acid stable lipase Acid stable lipaseCow’s Short and medium chain FA Short and medium chain FA do not require bile salts do not require bile salts Not packaged in chylomicrins Not packaged in chylomicrins enter portal blood rather than lymph enter portal blood rather than lymph Bound to serum albumin Bound to serum albumin.