2. Animal Farm by George Orwell A story of power, corruption, and greed

3. Theme - All power corrupts, absolute power corrupts absolutely.

4. Background –published the same month the bombs struck Hiroshima and Nagasaki –had a political agenda –not written to condemn communist and fascist states –uses animals to show human qualities or characteristics –is an allegory

5. Historical Connection represents Russian Revolution of 1917 represents events of World War II represents the people and events which helped to shape our world during these times - for better, or for worse uses an indefinite setting so we can apply it to many different situations - past and present

6. TAKE NOTES for allegorical comparisons: The PIGS: The pigs lead the rebellion. They take on the same power and characteristics as the human masters. They represent corrupted human leaders: The Bolsheviks The Bolsheviks led the overthrow of the capitalist Russian government – only to become the new masters.

7. The Dogs used by a totalitarian state to terrorize its own people the secret police (KGB)

8. The Sheep stupid the followers follow blindly masses of uneducated lower class

9. The Pigeons spread the word of Rebellion beyond the farm Communists who spread the doctrine of the revolution beyond the boundaries of the Soviet Union external propaganda

10. Specific Character Allegories Old Major – a pig This is the wise old pig who gives a grand speech at the beginning of the book. He sets the stage for the Rebellion –but dies before it happens.

11. Old Major: - represents KARL MARX - developed the fundamental ideology of communism with Friedrich Engels - holds that all people are entitled to enjoy the fruits of their labor but are prevented from doing so in a capitalist economic system - capitalism divides society into two classes: nonowning workers and nonworking owners

12. Napoleon steps up to take Old Major’s place after his death quiet-yet forceful in getting his own way STALIN (and other dictators)

13. STALIN noted for bringing the Soviet Union into world prominence, at terrible cost to his own people left a legacy of repression and fear as well as industrial and military power disciple of LENIN leader of the Bolsheviks

14. STALIN inaugurated the Five-Year plan that radically altered Soviet economic and social structures and resulted in the deaths of many millions contrived to eliminate threats to his power through widespread secret executions and persecution

15. LENIN believed that a small, disciplined, professional group of revolutionaries was needed to violently overthrow the capitalist system and that a “dictatorship of the proletariat” must guide society until the day when the state would wither away

16. BOLSHEVIKS the wing of the Russian Social-Democratic Workers’ Party led by Lenin that seized control in the Russian Revolution of 1917

17. Snowball struggles to get the leadership of the farm after the death of Old Major an excellent strategist lots of energy LEON TROTSKY

18. TROTSKY played a major role in the overthrow of the provisional government and the establishment of Lenin's communist regime. favored by Lenin to succeed him lost support after Lenin's death (1924) was forced out of power by Stalin

19. Squealor an excellent talker manipulator used to persuade the animals to believe the ‘big lie’ internal propaganda

20. Boxer and Clover represent the suffering uneducated working class patient and decent not bright

21. Mollie loves luxury and represents the materialists Russian nobles who left after the Revolution (many were executed)

22. Benjamin the Donkey a pessimist has seen many things in his lifetime keeps to himself change bothers him unwilling and unable to do anything but believe that life is hard

23. Moses Raven known as Jones’ special pet represents religion/organized religion. the Orthodox Church (or Rasputin)

24. NICHOLAS II Tsar of Russia (1894–1917) devoted to his wife, Alexandra, who strongly influenced his rule ousted the popular grand duke Nicholas as commander in chief of Russian forces assumed command of Russian troops in World War I himself, at the bidding of Alexandra and Rasputin absence from Moscow and Alexandra's mismanagement of the government caused increasing unrest

25. RASPUTIN influenced Alexandra’s appointment of church officials and incompetent cabinet ministers a group of noblemen assassinated him by successively poisoning him, shooting him, and finally throwing him into the ice-filled Neva River revolution followed weeks later

26. Farmer Jones corrupt, evil human –who neglects his animals and farm because he drinks Tsar Nicholas II- stands for the decline of a government through mismanagement and corruption

27. The Other Farms/Farmers Pilkington of Foxwood – the English gentleman of England – perhaps Churchill? Frederick of Pinchfield -Definitely Hitler of Germany

28. Churchill-British, his warnings of the threat posed by Hitler’s Germany repeatedly ignored Hitler- German, German-Soviet Nonagression Pact (1939) enabled him to invade Poland, precipitating World War IIWorld War II

29. Mr. Whymper simply the go-between for the animals and humans Certain capitalists have always transacted business with Communist nations.

30. The END