1. History of the Web – PART 1 ;-)

2. The World-Wide-Web has revolutionized the availability and access to information. Billions of web pages may be reached through search engines, and this is only a fraction of what is hidden in searchable databases. bit.ly/WebHistoryNotes

3. Memex: The first Hypertext system Dreamed up by Vanevar Bush: “Memory Extension” “As we may think” [1945] Photo-electrico-mechanical desk Storage for knowledge Computing device With user interface With powerful search

4. …but he did not call it “Hypertext”… Term coined by Ted Nelson [1965] Xanadu Ambitious! Distributed network of documents Two-way hyperlinks Version management Annotation Elaborate copyright management system Far more powerful than the web but it did not succeed! Why did it fail?

5. Text + Link… How about the Click! Mouse and GUIs invented by Doug Engelbart “On the augmentation of human intellect” [1968] NLS: oNLineSystem demoed in a “now-famous video” Your impressions of the video?

6. Before the Web Citation Reference to other text Powerful! Examples  The Bible etc religious texts  Encyclopedias  Dictionaries Hypertext Text + Links + Click! Ease of citation use, really Hypermedia (text/image/video/audio/etc) + links + click!

7. World-wide-web Tim Berners-Lee implements his childhood Enquire “2.0” It took off because… a b c 3 crucial components: ____, ____, ____ A global documentation system at CERN [1990] As a way of justifying the purchase of a NeXT!

8. 8 The early days of the Web : # HTTP hits at CERN grows by 1000 (1991-1994)

9. 9 The early days of the Web: # servers grows from a 100’s to 1M (1991 – 1997)

10. Browsers Erwise and Viola [1992] were demo systems for s/w Lynx [??] text-based browser Mosaic [1993] popularized the web “It is on Mosaic”… Confusion between The browser? The web? The internet?

11. 1994: A landmark year Mark Anderseen split from NCSA to form “Mosaic Comm. Corp.; forced to rename “Netscape” First WWW conference at CERN Dertouzos (MIT) and Berners-Lee (CERN) set up the WWW Consortium (W3C) at MIT’s LCS Read TBL Ch. 5-9

12. Listing of Directories and Search Engines Yahoo! (www.yahoo.com) - (1994-) directory service and search engine.www.yahoo.com Infoseek – (1994-2001) search engine. Inktomi – (1995- ?) search engine infrastructure, acquired by Yahoo! 2003. AltaVista – (1995- ?) search engine, acquired by Overture in 2003. AlltheWeb – (1999-?) search engine, acquired by Overture in 2003. Ask Jeeves (www.ask.com) - (1996-) Q&A and search engine, acquired by IAC/InterActiveCorp in 2005.www.ask.com Overture – (1997-) pay-per-click search engine, acquired by Yahoo! 2003. MSN Search (www.msn.com) – (2004-2009) MS Network’s search engine.www.msn.com Google (www.google.com) – (1998-) – Best known search engine.www.google.com Cuil (www.cuil.com) -- (2008 - ?) – latest “biggest” search engine.www.cuil.com bing (www.bing.com) (2009 - )MS’s better versionwww.bing.com Baidu (2000 - ) Chinese-language search engine Yandex (2012- ) Russian-language search Engine