1. Introduction to the Skeletal System

2. Major Functions Support Protection Movement Storage (Minerals- Calcium, Phosphate) Blood cell formation (hematopoiesis)

3. Bone Classification Tissues Types Spongy or cancellousSpongy or cancellous –Inside of the bone it appears as a network of needle-like pieces Compact –Dense outer layer that appears to be solid or smooth Long Bones- LimbsLong Bones Short Bones- wristShort Bones Flat Bones- breastboneFlat Bones Irregular Bones- hip bones or vertebraeIrregular Bones

4. General Structure of Long Bones Diaphysis –(Long Axis of Bone) –Periosteum –Endosteum –Medullary cavity (yellow marrow) –Compact bone Epiphysis –(Bone Ends) –Articular cartilage –Red marrow –Spongy bone –Epiphyseal Plate

9. General Long Bone Structure

13. Bone Markings

14. PROJECTIONS/PROCESSES –Function: 1) Attachment of muscle tendon and ligaments 2)Joint formation –Examples: Tuberosity, trochanter Head, condyle

15. Bone Markings (cont.) DEPRESSIONS AND OPENINGS –Functions: Depressions allow for attachments Openings are passageways for blood vessels and nerves –Examples: Foramen (Round/Oval) Fossa Meatus (Canal-like) Groove Fissure (Narrow slit-like) Sinus- (Cavity within bone that is filled with air lines with Mucous membrane)

16. Bone Growth