1. Figurative language review

2. 11/4/15 ELAGSE7L5: Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings. a. interpret figures of speech (e.g. literary, biblical, and mythological allusions) in context. 1.Copy the date and the standard. 2.Circle the verbs and underline the nouns.

3. Figurative Language Review

4. Figurative and Literal Language Literally: words function exactly as defined The car is blue. He caught the football. Figuratively: figure out what it means I’ve got your back. You’re a doll. ^Figures of Speech

5. Simile Comparison of two things using “like” or “as.” Examples The metal twisted like a ribbon. She is as sweet as candy.

6. Important! Using “like” or “as” doesn’t make a simile. A comparison must be made. Not a Simile: I like pizza. Simile: The moon is like a pizza.

7. Metaphor Two things are compared without using “like” or “as.” Examples All the world is a stage. Men are dogs. She has a stone heart.

8. Personification Giving human traits to objects or ideas. Examples The sunlight danced. Water on the lake shivers. The streets are calling me.

9. Hyperbole Exaggerating to show strong feeling or effect. Examples I will love you forever. My house is a million miles from here. She’d kill me.

10. Alliteration It is a stylistic device in which a number of words, having the same first consonant sound, occur close together in a series. “The fair breeze blew, the white foam flew, The furrow followed free; We were the first that ever burst Into that silent sea.”

11. Onomatopoeia A word that is also a sound. Examples: Bam, Bang, Gong, Drip, Drizzle, Whoosh, crash, buzz

12. Idioms An expression or a phrase. Not interpreted literally. The phrase is understood as to mean something quite different from what individual words of the phrase would imply. Idioms vary in different cultures and countries. Examples: A chip on your shoulder - means you are holding a grudge. Sick as a dog - means you are very ill.

13. Allusion A direct or indirect reference to something historical, literary, religious, or mythical. The author usually uses references that will be understood by his or her audience, such as an event, book, myth, place, or work of art. You can also make allusions to pop culture.

14. Examples of Allusions “The side lines is lined with casualties Who sip the life casually, then gradually become worse Don’t bite the apple, Eve” -Jay-Z “My rep grows like the nose of Pinocchio, Just because I’ve mastered the art of braggadocio.” -Akrobatik “Tonedeff’s slays giants, as if my legal name’s David.” -Tonedeff

15. Analogy An analogy is a comparison in which an idea or a thing is compared to another thing that is quite different from it. It aims at explaining that idea or thing by comparing it to something that is familiar. Metaphors and similes are tools used to draw an analogy. Therefore, analogy is more extensive and elaborate than either a simile or metaphor.

16. Analogy examples “Structure of an atom is like a solar system. Nucleus is the sun and electrons are the planets revolving around their sun.” Here an atomic structure is compared to a solar system by using “like”. Therefore, it is a simile. Metaphor is used to relate the nucleus to the sun and the electrons to the planets without using words “like” or “as’. Hence, similes and metaphors are employed to develop an analogy. Life is like a race. The one who keeps running wins the race and the one who stops to catch a breath loses. Just as a sword is the weapon of a warrior, a pen is the weapon of a writer. How a doctor diagnoses diseases is like how a detective investigates crimes.

17. Pun A pun is a play on words in which a humorous effect is produced by using a word that suggests two or more meanings or by exploiting similar sounding words having different meanings. An elephant’s opinion carries a lot of weight. I've been to the dentist many times so I know the drill. "You can tune a guitar, but you can't tuna fish. Unless of course, you play bass." - Douglas Adams “Denial ain't just a river in Egypt.” - Mark Twain

19. Work Session Analyze Figurative Language in Paper Towns on the 2 handouts. Be prepared to share for closing.