1. Chem 3550 Chapter 16: Production of NADH and NADPH: The Citric Acid Cycle, the Glyoxylate Cycle (Skip), and the Pentose Phosphate Pathway

5. Technically, not part of the CAC -- but produces substrate CAC E 3 is also found in  -ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

6. At least know that the 3 compoments are E 1, E 2, and E 3

7. Intricate Details of the Pyruvate Dehydrogenase Complex These reactions take place in the mitochondrial matrix Product of glycolysis Transported into matrix Thioester High Energy Intermediate

8. Derived from Vitamin B 1 -- see Table 6.1 on page 166.

9. Lipoamide -- a key component of E 2

10. Acetyl-CoA -- a high E compound Hydrolysis of this compound produces significant amount of free energy

11. Structure of Coenzyme A (don’t have to memorize!) Coenzyme A (abbrev. CoASH) has role in carrying acetyl or acyl groups Coenzyme A does not cross biological membranes

12. NAD + is an oxidizing agent, typically to oxidize alcohols NADH is a reducing agent, typically to reduce ketones and aldehydes

13. Structure of NAD + -- don’t have to know! Oxidized form Reduced form

15. Typically involved in oxidizing alkanes